证据

断言

每条断言都写明了是怎么核实的，以及它不覆盖什么。这一层是核验时留下的原始英文记录，照原样呈现，未经翻译。

• 23000 is the Class 23 integrity_constraint_violation umbrella condition.

  核实方式Read the fixed class and condition row.

  不覆盖The umbrella code is a protocol definition; concrete PostgreSQL constraint paths normally use a more specific Class 23 code.

  来源 来源：src/backend/utils/errcodes.txt @ REL_18_6

• PostgreSQL source uses specific descendants such as 23001, 23502, 23503, 23505, 23514, and 23P01 for distinct mechanisms; the exhaustive 18.6 call scan has no resolved 23000 report group.

  核实方式Compare the errcodes mapping with all resolved report groups whose code_candidates contain 23000.

  不覆盖Absence from this scan is not proof that every extension or future source path can never emit 23000; it bounds this locked core scan.

  来源 来源：src/backend/utils/errcodes.txt @ REL_18_6 · 来源：raw/calls/REL_18_6.jsonl

• A client should branch on the exact five-character SQLSTATE and use constraint/object fields rather than collapsing every Class 23 error to 23000.

  核实方式Read the protocol identity and the specific descendant mappings.

  不覆盖Do not fabricate a natural 23000 reproduction with RAISE; this batch has no safe core SQL path for it.

  来源 来源：src/backend/utils/errcodes.txt @ REL_18_6