{"kind": "psql", "major": "18", "item": {"slug": "cmd-63-6f-70-79", "name": "\\copy", "name_zh": "", "category": "\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u4e0e\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61", "summary": "\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a SQL COPY \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 psql \u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002", "aliases": ["\\copy"], "content_hash": "d073fb597f3494fb9f41b5e125c184887ba1df4251ea1effd697ab5dc4e082ba", "versions": {"10": {"facts": 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"10.23 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "sha256": "9e11fe3148cb8c085808f632ed972aa4514332a67758a083a080169101eeb7a4", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/10/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } { from | to } { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | stdout | pstdin | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "description": ["\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a SQL COPY \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 psql 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class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ]</code></span></dt><dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/10/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">COPY</span></a>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a<code class=\"literal\">program</code>\u65f6\uff0c<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em> \u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f20\u7ed9<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4ece\u5176\u4e2d\u8bfb\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... from stdin\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230 \\.\u6216\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u5230\u8fbe EOF\u3002\u8fd9\u9002\u5408\u5728 SQL \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5185\u8054\u586b\u5145\u8868\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... to stdout\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u53d1\u5f80\u4e0e psql \u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6253\u5370 COPY count \u547d\u4ee4\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u884c\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u59cb\u7ec8\u8bfb\u5199 psql \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6e90\u6216 \\o \u9009\u9879\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 from pstdin \u6216 to pstdout\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/10/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">COPY</span></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u9664\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u4e0e<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/10/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">COPY</span></a>\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u89c4\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5269\u4f59\u884c\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u6216\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... to</code>\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"literal\">COPY ... TO STDOUT</code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5<code class=\"literal\">\\g <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>filename</code></em></code> \u6216<code class=\"literal\">\\g |<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>program</code></em></code>\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u547d\u4ee4\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u884c\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u548c\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u7684 <acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"command\">COPY</code> \u547d\u4ee4\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef/\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</dd></dl></div>", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/10/app-psql.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "07e2383663e136e49c565dc43b76b773af4caa89393ce1854d32ec8cc15f2d3c", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[4]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[5]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[3]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[7]/div[1]/h3[0]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/10/description/0": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required.", "/versions/10/facts/0/label": "Client", "/versions/10/facts/1/label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "/versions/10/tables/0/title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "/versions/10/related/0/label": "psql command-line options and complete manual", "/versions/10/tables/0/columns/0/label": "Command", "/versions/10/tables/0/columns/1/label": "Documented suffix modifiers", "/versions/10/tables/0/rows/0/modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "645e2b918f9f01cf8bd99ad4f2965725419e1f0c035c8dd1822ddad58c1ce711"}, "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } { from | to } { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | stdout | pstdin | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "definition": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. When program is specified, command is executed by psql and the data passed from or to command is routed between the server and the client. Again, the execution privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. For \\copy ... from stdin , data rows are read from the same source that issued the command, continuing until \\. is read or the stream reaches EOF . This option is useful for populating tables in-line within a SQL script file. For \\copy ... to stdout , output is sent to the same place as psql command output, and the COPY count command status is not printed (since it might be confused with a data row). To read/write psql 's standard input or output regardless of the current command source or \\o option, write from pstdin or to pstdout . The syntax of this command is similar to that of the SQL COPY command. All options other than the data source/destination are as specified for COPY . Because of this, special parsing rules apply to the \\copy meta-command. Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the arguments of \\copy , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. Tip Another way to obtain the same result as \\copy ... to is to use the SQL COPY ... TO STDOUT command and terminate it with \\g filename or \\g | program . Unlike \\copy , this method allows the command to span multiple lines; also, variable interpolation and backquote expansion can be used. Tip These operations are not as efficient as the SQL COPY command with a file or program data source or destination, because all data must pass through the client/server connection. For large amounts of data the SQL command might be preferable."}, "comparison_hash": "d122665aea911d61f06c8d371e1cb4ac67d38429875a48dcdd95561511ff6aa3", "manual_language": "zh"}, "11": {"facts": [{"label": "\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef", "value": "psql 11.22"}, {"label": "\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "value": "\\copy"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-63-6f-70-79/?v=11", "text": "\\copy"}, "modifiers": "\u6b64\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u672a\u5217\u51fa"}], "title": "\u672c\u7248\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "\u547d\u4ee4"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u4fee\u9970\u7b26"}]}], "command": "\\copy", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=11", "label": "psql \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u53ca\u5b8c\u6574\u624b\u518c"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v11.22/postgresql-11.22.tar.bz2", "label": "11.22", "major": "11", "channel": "historical", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/11/postgresql-11-A4.pdf", "bytes": 13057499, "pages": 2732, "sha256": "41d75855e610d0d9b8802b87dc5b080bef8d7e91c7cf69401fbf8d3cf801b4b5", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/11/postgresql-11-US.pdf", "bytes": 12961189, "pages": 2883, "sha256": "6a8899ef36935a5b7ed2b436207564a567a4ef1eb1c2200195876b8de4d4fa30", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "11", "index": "index.html", "major": "11", "pages": 1125, "release": "11.22", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v11.22/postgresql-11.22.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 0, "source_mode": "en HTML verified against the pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "2cb7c97d7a0d7278851bbc9c61f467b69c094c72b81740b751108e7892ebe1f0"}, "revision": "53315ddaf3b3f9e6669fd1edc096bbb2cd4a65ea3e836c89e542b43af9ba3a7f", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "2cb7c97d7a0d7278851bbc9c61f467b69c094c72b81740b751108e7892ebe1f0"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://pg.center/docs/11/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "11.22 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "sha256": "32c4d489e91e59715de2f7c3264fcccab3dd1eca54673dbfeac61304b0c54d4d", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/11/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } { from | to } { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | stdout | pstdin | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "description": ["\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a SQL COPY \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 psql \u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002"], "manual_html": "<div><dl class=\"variablelist\"><dt id=\"APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] | ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>query</code></em> ) } { <code class=\"literal\">from</code> | <code class=\"literal\">to</code> } { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdin | stdout | pstdin | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ]</code></span></dt><dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/11/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">COPY</span></a>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a<code class=\"literal\">program</code>\u65f6\uff0c<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em> \u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f20\u7ed9<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4ece\u5176\u4e2d\u8bfb\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... from stdin\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230 \\.\u6216\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u5230\u8fbe EOF\u3002\u8fd9\u9002\u5408\u5728 SQL \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5185\u8054\u586b\u5145\u8868\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... to stdout\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u53d1\u5f80\u4e0e psql \u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6253\u5370 COPY count \u547d\u4ee4\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u884c\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u59cb\u7ec8\u8bfb\u5199 psql \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6e90\u6216 \\o \u9009\u9879\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 from pstdin \u6216 to pstdout\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/11/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">COPY</span></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u9664\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u4e0e<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/11/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">COPY</span></a>\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u89c4\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5269\u4f59\u884c\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u6216\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... to</code>\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"literal\">COPY ... TO STDOUT</code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5<code class=\"literal\">\\g <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>filename</code></em></code> \u6216<code class=\"literal\">\\g |<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>program</code></em></code>\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u547d\u4ee4\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u884c\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u548c\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u7684<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef/\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u9001\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c<acronym class=\"acronym\">CSV</acronym>\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... from</code>\u4f1a\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u628a\u5355\u72ec\u5360\u636e\u4e00\u884c\u7684<code class=\"literal\">\\.</code>\u6570\u636e\u503c\u5f53\u4f5c\u8f93\u5165\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u8bb0\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</dd></dl></div>", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/11/app-psql.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "01339254dd1dc30d095af846d0b6a7c01f96338187a6fbb8cf45290d5941196b", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[4]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[5]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[3]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[7]/div[1]/h3[0]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/11/description/0": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required.", "/versions/11/facts/0/label": "Client", "/versions/11/facts/1/label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "/versions/11/tables/0/title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "/versions/11/related/0/label": "psql command-line options and complete manual", "/versions/11/tables/0/columns/0/label": "Command", "/versions/11/tables/0/columns/1/label": "Documented suffix modifiers", "/versions/11/tables/0/rows/0/modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "28f18ddcc3745521bf5ec87912094ce383e88c927edeb04e27e16851b91a52f9"}, "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } { from | to } { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | stdout | pstdin | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "definition": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. When program is specified, command is executed by psql and the data passed from or to command is routed between the server and the client. Again, the execution privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. For \\copy ... from stdin , data rows are read from the same source that issued the command, continuing until \\. is read or the stream reaches EOF . This option is useful for populating tables in-line within a SQL script file. For \\copy ... to stdout , output is sent to the same place as psql command output, and the COPY count command status is not printed (since it might be confused with a data row). To read/write psql 's standard input or output regardless of the current command source or \\o option, write from pstdin or to pstdout . The syntax of this command is similar to that of the SQL COPY command. All options other than the data source/destination are as specified for COPY . Because of this, special parsing rules apply to the \\copy meta-command. Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the arguments of \\copy , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. Tip Another way to obtain the same result as \\copy ... to is to use the SQL COPY ... TO STDOUT command and terminate it with \\g filename or \\g | program . Unlike \\copy , this method allows the command to span multiple lines; also, variable interpolation and backquote expansion can be used. Tip These operations are not as efficient as the SQL COPY command with a file or program data source or destination, because all data must pass through the client/server connection. For large amounts of data the SQL command might be preferable. Also, because of this pass-through method, \\copy ... from in CSV mode will erroneously treat a \\. data value alone on a line as an end-of-input marker."}, "comparison_hash": "f994035ea529a0a343c4f0cc3fdb004fa7c00ec7c1601486b99bb08d1720afd5", "manual_language": "zh"}, "12": {"facts": [{"label": "\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef", "value": "psql 12.22"}, {"label": "\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "value": "\\copy"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-63-6f-70-79/?v=12", "text": "\\copy"}, "modifiers": "\u6b64\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u672a\u5217\u51fa"}], "title": "\u672c\u7248\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "\u547d\u4ee4"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u4fee\u9970\u7b26"}]}], "command": "\\copy", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=12", "label": "psql \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u53ca\u5b8c\u6574\u624b\u518c"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v12.22/postgresql-12.22.tar.bz2", "label": "12.22", "major": "12", "channel": "historical", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/12/postgresql-12-A4.pdf", "bytes": 13424351, "pages": 2803, "sha256": "7422cf53fd1939e7a3d2925231a88b0330e468afa5393627cac0ff86158a0621", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/12/postgresql-12-US.pdf", "bytes": 13322565, "pages": 2958, "sha256": "51f3b04e72907fc38512685946223452ea65f84419c60c66241dfa3396035e77", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "12", "index": "index.html", "major": "12", "pages": 1131, "release": "12.22", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v12.22/postgresql-12.22.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 2, "source_mode": "en HTML verified against the pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "8df3c0474782589d3c6f374b5133b1bd14d168086edbc13c6e72e67dd4527a3b"}, "revision": "7a827e97cbfacd7febff75f34443e2043e40723de5b6d8c9d81a9430b65a37e4", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "8df3c0474782589d3c6f374b5133b1bd14d168086edbc13c6e72e67dd4527a3b"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://pg.center/docs/12/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "12.22 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "sha256": "a5cec5a456a98610e98d1f1959d96ce57c8413bb392f0f5d6720fc561bb63627", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/12/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "description": ["\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a SQL COPY \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 psql \u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002"], "manual_html": "<div><dl class=\"variablelist\"><dt id=\"APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] } <code class=\"literal\">from</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ] [ where <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>condition</code></em> ]</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] | ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>query</code></em> ) } <code class=\"literal\">to</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ]</code></span></dt><dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/12/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">COPY</span></a>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a<code class=\"literal\">program</code>\u65f6\uff0c<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em> \u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f20\u7ed9<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4ece\u5176\u4e2d\u8bfb\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... from stdin\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230 \\.\u6216\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u5230\u8fbe EOF\u3002\u8fd9\u9002\u5408\u5728 SQL \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5185\u8054\u586b\u5145\u8868\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... to stdout\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u53d1\u5f80\u4e0e psql \u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6253\u5370 COPY count \u547d\u4ee4\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u884c\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u59cb\u7ec8\u8bfb\u5199 psql \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6e90\u6216 \\o \u9009\u9879\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 from pstdin \u6216 to pstdout\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/12/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">COPY</span></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u9664\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u4e0e<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/12/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">COPY</span></a>\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u89c4\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5269\u4f59\u884c\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u6216\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... to</code>\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"literal\">COPY ... TO STDOUT</code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5<code class=\"literal\">\\g <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>filename</code></em></code> \u6216<code class=\"literal\">\\g |<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>program</code></em></code>\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u547d\u4ee4\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u884c\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u548c\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u7684<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef/\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u9001\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c<acronym class=\"acronym\">CSV</acronym>\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... from</code>\u4f1a\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u628a\u5355\u72ec\u5360\u636e\u4e00\u884c\u7684<code class=\"literal\">\\.</code>\u6570\u636e\u503c\u5f53\u4f5c\u8f93\u5165\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u8bb0\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</dd></dl></div>", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/12/app-psql.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "1eb88d17f6ce811d722e5c4ed036f78a7872bf88410c08db794c428e3cfc98ce", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[4]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[5]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[3]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[7]/div[1]/h3[0]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/12/description/0": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required.", "/versions/12/facts/0/label": "Client", "/versions/12/facts/1/label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "/versions/12/tables/0/title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "/versions/12/related/0/label": "psql command-line options and complete manual", "/versions/12/tables/0/columns/0/label": "Command", "/versions/12/tables/0/columns/1/label": "Documented suffix modifiers", "/versions/12/tables/0/rows/0/modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "fa8d7175ed10dff7c28a7be483bd8cce62b579a73dcd90c5f516e63e1762a386"}, "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "definition": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. When program is specified, command is executed by psql and the data passed from or to command is routed between the server and the client. Again, the execution privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. For \\copy ... from stdin , data rows are read from the same source that issued the command, continuing until \\. is read or the stream reaches EOF . This option is useful for populating tables in-line within a SQL script file. For \\copy ... to stdout , output is sent to the same place as psql command output, and the COPY count command status is not printed (since it might be confused with a data row). To read/write psql 's standard input or output regardless of the current command source or \\o option, write from pstdin or to pstdout . The syntax of this command is similar to that of the SQL COPY command. All options other than the data source/destination are as specified for COPY . Because of this, special parsing rules apply to the \\copy meta-command. Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the arguments of \\copy , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. Tip Another way to obtain the same result as \\copy ... to is to use the SQL COPY ... TO STDOUT command and terminate it with \\g filename or \\g | program . Unlike \\copy , this method allows the command to span multiple lines; also, variable interpolation and backquote expansion can be used. Tip These operations are not as efficient as the SQL COPY command with a file or program data source or destination, because all data must pass through the client/server connection. For large amounts of data the SQL command might be preferable. Also, because of this pass-through method, \\copy ... from in CSV mode will erroneously treat a \\. data value alone on a line as an end-of-input marker."}, "comparison_hash": "747f5c476e56ccc72ffdd71de19cc3baaf52ee49fa4060df47063048ff4d29a9", "manual_language": "zh"}, "13": {"facts": [{"label": "\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef", "value": "psql 13.23"}, {"label": "\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "value": "\\copy"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-63-6f-70-79/?v=13", "text": "\\copy"}, "modifiers": "\u6b64\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u672a\u5217\u51fa"}], "title": "\u672c\u7248\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "\u547d\u4ee4"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u4fee\u9970\u7b26"}]}], "command": "\\copy", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=13", "label": "psql \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u53ca\u5b8c\u6574\u624b\u518c"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v13.23/postgresql-13.23.tar.bz2", "label": "13.23", "major": "13", "channel": "historical", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/13/postgresql-13-A4.pdf", "bytes": 13843239, "pages": 2826, "sha256": "171cc09f90936dbc1cbd503a98ff07ae72ea58ab9771ff051313f1217737799c", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/13/postgresql-13-US.pdf", "bytes": 13739572, "pages": 2984, "sha256": "48d09c6e197d9db4220f41afe83efe848a8661b1b168d3b89419751ecaf6c24d", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "13", "index": "index.html", "major": "13", "pages": 1139, "release": "13.23", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v13.23/postgresql-13.23.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 3, "source_mode": "en HTML verified against the pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "6ec3c82726af92b7dec873fa1cdf881eca92a4219787dfad05acb6b10e041fd6"}, "revision": "614ee3133270254e476c118cdf6f72af78d4e4b8bbd9b28ed9ab1e14e4e9c0f6", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "6ec3c82726af92b7dec873fa1cdf881eca92a4219787dfad05acb6b10e041fd6"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://pg.center/docs/13/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "13.23 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "sha256": "30347083b7a58da020d968643e2479d2dfb534191d4493d454603ca53db151b0", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/13/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "description": ["\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a SQL COPY \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 psql \u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002"], "manual_html": "<div><dl class=\"variablelist\"><dt id=\"APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] } <code class=\"literal\">from</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ] [ where <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>condition</code></em> ]</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] | ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>query</code></em> ) } <code class=\"literal\">to</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ]</code></span></dt><dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/13/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">COPY</span></a>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a<code class=\"literal\">program</code>\u65f6\uff0c<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em> \u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f20\u7ed9<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4ece\u5176\u4e2d\u8bfb\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... from stdin\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230 \\.\u6216\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u5230\u8fbe EOF\u3002\u8fd9\u9002\u5408\u5728 SQL \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5185\u8054\u586b\u5145\u8868\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... to stdout\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u53d1\u5f80\u4e0e psql \u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6253\u5370 COPY count \u547d\u4ee4\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u884c\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u59cb\u7ec8\u8bfb\u5199 psql \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6e90\u6216 \\o \u9009\u9879\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 from pstdin \u6216 to pstdout\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/13/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">COPY</span></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u9664\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u4e0e<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/13/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">COPY</span></a>\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u89c4\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5269\u4f59\u884c\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u6216\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... to</code>\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"literal\">COPY ... TO STDOUT</code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5<code class=\"literal\">\\g <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>filename</code></em></code> \u6216<code class=\"literal\">\\g |<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>program</code></em></code>\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u547d\u4ee4\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u884c\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u548c\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u7684<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef/\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u9001\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c<acronym class=\"acronym\">CSV</acronym>\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... from</code>\u4f1a\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u628a\u5355\u72ec\u5360\u636e\u4e00\u884c\u7684<code class=\"literal\">\\.</code>\u6570\u636e\u503c\u5f53\u4f5c\u8f93\u5165\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u8bb0\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</dd></dl></div>", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/13/app-psql.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "dd2bf63d81b9a9d3fc69c646197cfdc14a0b1bab1c9f0b98608d66554da4a261", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[4]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[5]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[3]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[7]/div[1]/h3[0]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/13/description/0": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required.", "/versions/13/facts/0/label": "Client", "/versions/13/facts/1/label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "/versions/13/tables/0/title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "/versions/13/related/0/label": "psql command-line options and complete manual", "/versions/13/tables/0/columns/0/label": "Command", "/versions/13/tables/0/columns/1/label": "Documented suffix modifiers", "/versions/13/tables/0/rows/0/modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "39964172d01ea9a6115008cb2e4d5f0def7ab989521bdd82c0c463ac9249412f"}, "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "definition": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. When program is specified, command is executed by psql and the data passed from or to command is routed between the server and the client. Again, the execution privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. For \\copy ... from stdin , data rows are read from the same source that issued the command, continuing until \\. is read or the stream reaches EOF . This option is useful for populating tables in-line within a SQL script file. For \\copy ... to stdout , output is sent to the same place as psql command output, and the COPY count command status is not printed (since it might be confused with a data row). To read/write psql 's standard input or output regardless of the current command source or \\o option, write from pstdin or to pstdout . The syntax of this command is similar to that of the SQL COPY command. All options other than the data source/destination are as specified for COPY . Because of this, special parsing rules apply to the \\copy meta-command. Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the arguments of \\copy , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. Tip Another way to obtain the same result as \\copy ... to is to use the SQL COPY ... TO STDOUT command and terminate it with \\g filename or \\g | program . Unlike \\copy , this method allows the command to span multiple lines; also, variable interpolation and backquote expansion can be used. Tip These operations are not as efficient as the SQL COPY command with a file or program data source or destination, because all data must pass through the client/server connection. For large amounts of data the SQL command might be preferable. Also, because of this pass-through method, \\copy ... from in CSV mode will erroneously treat a \\. data value alone on a line as an end-of-input marker."}, "comparison_hash": "747f5c476e56ccc72ffdd71de19cc3baaf52ee49fa4060df47063048ff4d29a9", "manual_language": "zh"}, "14": {"facts": [{"label": "\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef", "value": "psql 14.24"}, {"label": "\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "value": "\\copy"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-63-6f-70-79/?v=14", "text": "\\copy"}, "modifiers": "\u6b64\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u672a\u5217\u51fa"}], "title": "\u672c\u7248\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "\u547d\u4ee4"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u4fee\u9970\u7b26"}]}], "command": "\\copy", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=14", "label": "psql \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u53ca\u5b8c\u6574\u624b\u518c"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v14.24/postgresql-14.24.tar.bz2", "label": "14.24", "major": "14", "channel": "stable", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/14/postgresql-14-A4.pdf", "bytes": 14354704, "pages": 2944, "sha256": "8bc6b9dd7b246888bb77f0a5e8c39a2eae52e9926569832669c7d1600becb27c", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/14/postgresql-14-US.pdf", "bytes": 14242178, "pages": 3102, "sha256": "b7ecb5a5f62d8b9f73a69e25a7d26ba285373bc53168a553bff7b77955506db4", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "14", "index": "index.html", "major": "14", "pages": 1158, "release": "14.24", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v14.24/postgresql-14.24.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 3, "source_mode": "en HTML verified against the pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "a7fa7ed3d558172355f51406097a7bd4f6b473be80f311ef7cda96bf383d8897"}, "revision": "588700d46356d8837c77c7c0a4e71e645fe6535983b8f1830aa8f2e4e41c40ae", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "a7fa7ed3d558172355f51406097a7bd4f6b473be80f311ef7cda96bf383d8897"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://pg.center/docs/14/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "14.24 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "sha256": "8da20abaee171c53c05658cfb2580dea645070f40bad6b46a845d710ad74c3ae", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/14/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "description": ["\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a SQL COPY \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 psql \u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002"], "manual_html": "<div><dl class=\"variablelist\"><dt id=\"APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] } <code class=\"literal\">from</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ] [ where <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>condition</code></em> ]</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] | ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>query</code></em> ) } <code class=\"literal\">to</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ]</code></span></dt><dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/14/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a<code class=\"literal\">program</code>\u65f6\uff0c<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em> \u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f20\u7ed9<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4ece\u5176\u4e2d\u8bfb\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... from stdin\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230 \\.\u6216\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u5230\u8fbe EOF\u3002\u8fd9\u9002\u5408\u5728 SQL \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5185\u8054\u586b\u5145\u8868\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... to stdout\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u53d1\u5f80\u4e0e psql \u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6253\u5370 COPY count \u547d\u4ee4\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u884c\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u59cb\u7ec8\u8bfb\u5199 psql \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6e90\u6216 \\o \u9009\u9879\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 from pstdin \u6216 to pstdout\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/14/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u9664\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u4e0e<code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u89c4\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5269\u4f59\u884c\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u6216\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... to</code>\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"literal\">COPY ... TO STDOUT</code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5<code class=\"literal\">\\g <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>filename</code></em></code> \u6216<code class=\"literal\">\\g |<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>program</code></em></code>\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u547d\u4ee4\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u884c\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u548c\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u7684<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef/\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u9001\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c<acronym class=\"acronym\">CSV</acronym>\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... from</code>\u4f1a\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u628a\u5355\u72ec\u5360\u636e\u4e00\u884c\u7684<code class=\"literal\">\\.</code>\u6570\u636e\u503c\u5f53\u4f5c\u8f93\u5165\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u8bb0\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</dd></dl></div>", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/14/app-psql.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "11c74f85ef9d2c9b3921e0c622d69dd3f1b3ed0c916197a94ddab5540153e310", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[4]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[5]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[3]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[7]/div[1]/h3[0]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/14/description/0": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required.", "/versions/14/facts/0/label": "Client", "/versions/14/facts/1/label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "/versions/14/tables/0/title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "/versions/14/related/0/label": "psql command-line options and complete manual", "/versions/14/tables/0/columns/0/label": "Command", "/versions/14/tables/0/columns/1/label": "Documented suffix modifiers", "/versions/14/tables/0/rows/0/modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "00c88f2633a4e6d247a3de2e0e72437983938e2e4e0e1cf62018037a78c2a7c9"}, "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "definition": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. When program is specified, command is executed by psql and the data passed from or to command is routed between the server and the client. Again, the execution privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. For \\copy ... from stdin , data rows are read from the same source that issued the command, continuing until \\. is read or the stream reaches EOF . This option is useful for populating tables in-line within an SQL script file. For \\copy ... to stdout , output is sent to the same place as psql command output, and the COPY count command status is not printed (since it might be confused with a data row). To read/write psql 's standard input or output regardless of the current command source or \\o option, write from pstdin or to pstdout . The syntax of this command is similar to that of the SQL COPY command. All options other than the data source/destination are as specified for COPY . Because of this, special parsing rules apply to the \\copy meta-command. Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the arguments of \\copy , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. Tip Another way to obtain the same result as \\copy ... to is to use the SQL COPY ... TO STDOUT command and terminate it with \\g filename or \\g | program . Unlike \\copy , this method allows the command to span multiple lines; also, variable interpolation and backquote expansion can be used. Tip These operations are not as efficient as the SQL COPY command with a file or program data source or destination, because all data must pass through the client/server connection. For large amounts of data the SQL command might be preferable. Also, because of this pass-through method, \\copy ... from in CSV mode will erroneously treat a \\. data value alone on a line as an end-of-input marker."}, "comparison_hash": "3bdd142a059fbcf065c73e7fc640960c3f4fca256e61cf83232c7cf8412b2cb7", "manual_language": "zh"}, "15": {"facts": [{"label": "\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef", "value": "psql 15.19"}, {"label": "\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "value": "\\copy"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-63-6f-70-79/?v=15", "text": "\\copy"}, "modifiers": "\u6b64\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u672a\u5217\u51fa"}], "title": "\u672c\u7248\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "\u547d\u4ee4"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u4fee\u9970\u7b26"}]}], "command": "\\copy", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=15", "label": "psql \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u53ca\u5b8c\u6574\u624b\u518c"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v15.19/postgresql-15.19.tar.bz2", "label": "15.19", "major": "15", "channel": "stable", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/15/postgresql-15-A4.pdf", "bytes": 14609140, "pages": 2987, "sha256": "66228564a4d16efb47d6a914085716ecfe22ca1566db56bc7c3d82f790646d72", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/15/postgresql-15-US.pdf", "bytes": 14495690, "pages": 3153, "sha256": "645a498c2390d47a6223ec74770631185807a19c484edb0fc5a295d9f460bc02", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "15", "index": "index.html", "major": "15", "pages": 1168, "release": "15.19", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v15.19/postgresql-15.19.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 3, "source_mode": "en HTML verified against the pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "e1a64a87a46b825b88c082e4518161a47aab53c45694964f8ba1df28f7859f89"}, "revision": "6af958c6520151fc7697d56e0616b03fb00522c4568158674d452ae0644ba545", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "e1a64a87a46b825b88c082e4518161a47aab53c45694964f8ba1df28f7859f89"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://pg.center/docs/15/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "15.19 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "sha256": "cb07228edb4914a53530afca316fd700a250cc062af2d5a74d24add93afbd0c8", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/15/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "description": ["\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a SQL COPY \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 psql \u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002"], "manual_html": "<div><dl class=\"variablelist\"><dt id=\"APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] } <code class=\"literal\">from</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ] [ where <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>condition</code></em> ]</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] | ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>query</code></em> ) } <code class=\"literal\">to</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ]</code></span></dt><dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/15/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a<code class=\"literal\">program</code>\u65f6\uff0c<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em> \u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f20\u7ed9<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4ece\u5176\u4e2d\u8bfb\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... from stdin\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230 \\.\u6216\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u5230\u8fbe EOF\u3002\u8fd9\u9002\u5408\u5728 SQL \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5185\u8054\u586b\u5145\u8868\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... to stdout\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u53d1\u5f80\u4e0e psql \u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6253\u5370 COPY count \u547d\u4ee4\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u884c\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u59cb\u7ec8\u8bfb\u5199 psql \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6e90\u6216 \\o \u9009\u9879\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 from pstdin \u6216 to pstdout\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/15/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u9664\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u4e0e<code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u89c4\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5269\u4f59\u884c\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u6216\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... to</code>\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"literal\">COPY ... TO STDOUT</code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5<code class=\"literal\">\\g <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>filename</code></em></code> \u6216<code class=\"literal\">\\g |<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>program</code></em></code>\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u547d\u4ee4\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u884c\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u548c\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u7684<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef/\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u9001\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c<acronym class=\"acronym\">CSV</acronym>\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... from</code>\u4f1a\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u628a\u5355\u72ec\u5360\u636e\u4e00\u884c\u7684<code class=\"literal\">\\.</code>\u6570\u636e\u503c\u5f53\u4f5c\u8f93\u5165\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u8bb0\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</dd></dl></div>", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/15/app-psql.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "8d6ed2e3400192f466dca73fd9423e91b9ede916fe0981b7e0cd42bc091394d2", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[4]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[5]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[11]/p[3]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[7]/div[1]/h3[0]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/15/description/0": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required.", "/versions/15/facts/0/label": "Client", "/versions/15/facts/1/label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "/versions/15/tables/0/title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "/versions/15/related/0/label": "psql command-line options and complete manual", "/versions/15/tables/0/columns/0/label": "Command", "/versions/15/tables/0/columns/1/label": "Documented suffix modifiers", "/versions/15/tables/0/rows/0/modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "709544e39fd92b4fed41d6bb43bb49a91a2cd3c72f9d454834e35bcac35c0b37"}, "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "definition": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. When program is specified, command is executed by psql and the data passed from or to command is routed between the server and the client. Again, the execution privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. For \\copy ... from stdin , data rows are read from the same source that issued the command, continuing until \\. is read or the stream reaches EOF . This option is useful for populating tables in-line within an SQL script file. For \\copy ... to stdout , output is sent to the same place as psql command output, and the COPY count command status is not printed (since it might be confused with a data row). To read/write psql 's standard input or output regardless of the current command source or \\o option, write from pstdin or to pstdout . The syntax of this command is similar to that of the SQL COPY command. All options other than the data source/destination are as specified for COPY . Because of this, special parsing rules apply to the \\copy meta-command. Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the arguments of \\copy , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. Tip Another way to obtain the same result as \\copy ... to is to use the SQL COPY ... TO STDOUT command and terminate it with \\g filename or \\g | program . Unlike \\copy , this method allows the command to span multiple lines; also, variable interpolation and backquote expansion can be used. Tip These operations are not as efficient as the SQL COPY command with a file or program data source or destination, because all data must pass through the client/server connection. For large amounts of data the SQL command might be preferable. Also, because of this pass-through method, \\copy ... from in CSV mode will erroneously treat a \\. data value alone on a line as an end-of-input marker."}, "comparison_hash": "3bdd142a059fbcf065c73e7fc640960c3f4fca256e61cf83232c7cf8412b2cb7", "manual_language": "zh"}, "16": {"facts": [{"label": "\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef", "value": "psql 16.15"}, {"label": "\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "value": "\\copy"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-63-6f-70-79/?v=16", "text": "\\copy"}, "modifiers": "\u6b64\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u672a\u5217\u51fa"}], "title": "\u672c\u7248\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "\u547d\u4ee4"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u4fee\u9970\u7b26"}]}], "command": "\\copy", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=16", "label": "psql \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u53ca\u5b8c\u6574\u624b\u518c"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v16.15/postgresql-16.15.tar.bz2", "label": "16.15", "major": "16", "channel": "stable", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/16/postgresql-16-A4.pdf", "bytes": 15282337, "pages": 3055, "sha256": "4bb6c1f63deedac98736d8c4c7bc0fad0ac24e85b07e21ee10411872f06afd06", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/16/postgresql-16-US.pdf", "bytes": 15164148, "pages": 3220, "sha256": "5b6b6166c89991199e144bb0ae34c17a5f29826251dbf19db1abc0df3a3e771b", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "16", "index": "index.html", "major": "16", "pages": 1169, "release": "16.15", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v16.15/postgresql-16.15.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 3, "source_mode": "en HTML verified against the pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "c1575341fa7bd40f5274ea465b34390f4dc64cdd0770af327005caaeb9f6b7ed"}, "revision": "3c21e58b35318021716440e67bb8bafd392b6a2b965a244d90e9e33c99e0bdef", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "c1575341fa7bd40f5274ea465b34390f4dc64cdd0770af327005caaeb9f6b7ed"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://pg.center/docs/16/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "16.15 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "sha256": "add25957a1dfc97db721f2958782be186ab90dc0f0a47c4b720b2b6c26172493", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/16/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "description": ["\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a SQL COPY \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 psql \u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002"], "manual_html": "<div><dl class=\"variablelist\"><dt id=\"APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] } <code class=\"literal\">from</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ] [ where <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>condition</code></em> ]</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] | ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>query</code></em> ) } <code class=\"literal\">to</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ]</code></span> </dt><dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/16/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a<code class=\"literal\">program</code>\u65f6\uff0c<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em> \u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f20\u7ed9<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4ece\u5176\u4e2d\u8bfb\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... from stdin\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230 \\.\u6216\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u5230\u8fbe EOF\u3002\u8fd9\u9002\u5408\u5728 SQL \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5185\u8054\u586b\u5145\u8868\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... to stdout\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u53d1\u5f80\u4e0e psql \u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6253\u5370 COPY count \u547d\u4ee4\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u884c\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u59cb\u7ec8\u8bfb\u5199 psql \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6e90\u6216 \\o \u9009\u9879\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 from pstdin \u6216 to pstdout\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/16/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u9664\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u4e0e<code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u89c4\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5269\u4f59\u884c\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u6216\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... to</code>\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"literal\">COPY ... TO STDOUT</code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5<code class=\"literal\">\\g <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>filename</code></em></code> \u6216<code class=\"literal\">\\g |<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>program</code></em></code>\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u547d\u4ee4\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u884c\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u548c\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u7684<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef/\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u9001\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c<acronym class=\"acronym\">CSV</acronym>\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... from</code>\u4f1a\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u628a\u5355\u72ec\u5360\u636e\u4e00\u884c\u7684<code class=\"literal\">\\.</code>\u6570\u636e\u503c\u5f53\u4f5c\u8f93\u5165\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u8bb0\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</dd></dl></div>", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/16/app-psql.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "72833cd861534255277e73a650a16ab07f11c38db9df980213b8335751a3273d", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[13]/div[4]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[13]/div[5]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[13]/p[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[13]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[13]/p[3]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[9]/div[1]/h3[0]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/16/description/0": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required.", "/versions/16/facts/0/label": "Client", "/versions/16/facts/1/label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "/versions/16/tables/0/title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "/versions/16/related/0/label": "psql command-line options and complete manual", "/versions/16/tables/0/columns/0/label": "Command", "/versions/16/tables/0/columns/1/label": "Documented suffix modifiers", "/versions/16/tables/0/rows/0/modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "d42713930dbc6ec22af2951c8639c515b070416b0c7dafeab34d7eb146633c7b"}, "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "definition": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. When program is specified, command is executed by psql and the data passed from or to command is routed between the server and the client. Again, the execution privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. For \\copy ... from stdin , data rows are read from the same source that issued the command, continuing until \\. is read or the stream reaches EOF . This option is useful for populating tables in-line within an SQL script file. For \\copy ... to stdout , output is sent to the same place as psql command output, and the COPY count command status is not printed (since it might be confused with a data row). To read/write psql 's standard input or output regardless of the current command source or \\o option, write from pstdin or to pstdout . The syntax of this command is similar to that of the SQL COPY command. All options other than the data source/destination are as specified for COPY . Because of this, special parsing rules apply to the \\copy meta-command. Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the arguments of \\copy , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. Tip Another way to obtain the same result as \\copy ... to is to use the SQL COPY ... TO STDOUT command and terminate it with \\g filename or \\g | program . Unlike \\copy , this method allows the command to span multiple lines; also, variable interpolation and backquote expansion can be used. Tip These operations are not as efficient as the SQL COPY command with a file or program data source or destination, because all data must pass through the client/server connection. For large amounts of data the SQL command might be preferable. Also, because of this pass-through method, \\copy ... from in CSV mode will erroneously treat a \\. data value alone on a line as an end-of-input marker."}, "comparison_hash": "3bdd142a059fbcf065c73e7fc640960c3f4fca256e61cf83232c7cf8412b2cb7", "manual_language": "zh"}, "17": {"facts": [{"label": "\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef", "value": "psql 17.11"}, {"label": "\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "value": "\\copy"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-63-6f-70-79/?v=17", "text": "\\copy"}, "modifiers": "\u6b64\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u672a\u5217\u51fa"}], "title": "\u672c\u7248\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "\u547d\u4ee4"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u4fee\u9970\u7b26"}]}], "command": "\\copy", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=17", "label": "psql \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u53ca\u5b8c\u6574\u624b\u518c"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v17.11/postgresql-17.11.tar.bz2", "label": "17.11", "major": "17", "channel": "stable", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/17/postgresql-17-A4.pdf", "bytes": 15521293, "pages": 3099, "sha256": "1991354df0dc89e70ec39328c28988ef8b19c6a93671dab3893650b63e9f4e36", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/17/postgresql-17-US.pdf", "bytes": 15398150, "pages": 3270, "sha256": "07696c8f38abf31babf22d2db337093936e7c472d2af36d050b000c49bbcf52c", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "17", "index": "index.html", "major": "17", "pages": 1143, "release": "17.11", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v17.11/postgresql-17.11.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 3, "source_mode": "en SGML built with pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "dd27f2b3c59e73ed14aa3324901242bf69a032a6347805f274e6260322d42979"}, "revision": "58419c9b0dd42cb34c8d53695bb025a7e582edf55ccd4c5bcb1c2c7c71a37487", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "dd27f2b3c59e73ed14aa3324901242bf69a032a6347805f274e6260322d42979"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://pg.center/docs/17/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "17.11 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "sha256": "04c77661f1c96a64e91a27313542c34aff0c7d2a94e350ed98c6f9f35700629b", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/17/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "description": ["\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a SQL COPY \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 psql \u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002"], "manual_html": "<div><dl class=\"variablelist\"><dt id=\"APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] } <code class=\"literal\">from</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ] [ where <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>condition</code></em> ]</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] | ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>query</code></em> ) } <code class=\"literal\">to</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ]</code></span> </dt><dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/17/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a<code class=\"literal\">program</code>\u65f6\uff0c<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em> \u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f20\u7ed9<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4ece\u5176\u4e2d\u8bfb\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... from stdin\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230 \\.\u6216\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u5230\u8fbe EOF\u3002\u8fd9\u9002\u5408\u5728 SQL \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5185\u8054\u586b\u5145\u8868\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... to stdout\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u53d1\u5f80\u4e0e psql \u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6253\u5370 COPY count \u547d\u4ee4\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u884c\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u59cb\u7ec8\u8bfb\u5199 psql \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6e90\u6216 \\o \u9009\u9879\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 from pstdin \u6216 to pstdout\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/17/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u9664\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u4e0e<code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u89c4\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5269\u4f59\u884c\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u6216\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... to</code>\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"literal\">COPY ... TO STDOUT</code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5<code class=\"literal\">\\g <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>filename</code></em></code> \u6216<code class=\"literal\">\\g |<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>program</code></em></code>\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u547d\u4ee4\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u884c\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u548c\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u7684<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef/\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u9001\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c<acronym class=\"acronym\">CSV</acronym>\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... from</code>\u4f1a\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u628a\u5355\u72ec\u5360\u636e\u4e00\u884c\u7684<code class=\"literal\">\\.</code>\u6570\u636e\u503c\u5f53\u4f5c\u8f93\u5165\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u8bb0\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</dd></dl></div>", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/17/app-psql.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "820a5ee48a79666cef06bfe375ea9337e7a347b6d32c921738edd824fe5aa9f8", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[13]/div[4]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[13]/div[5]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[13]/p[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[13]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[13]/p[3]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[10]/dl[0]/dd[9]/div[1]/h3[0]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/17/description/0": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required.", "/versions/17/facts/0/label": "Client", "/versions/17/facts/1/label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "/versions/17/tables/0/title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "/versions/17/related/0/label": "psql command-line options and complete manual", "/versions/17/tables/0/columns/0/label": "Command", "/versions/17/tables/0/columns/1/label": "Documented suffix modifiers", "/versions/17/tables/0/rows/0/modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "2122aeb762874dea959fc379cccdc52612be07085e2c6790ca3e3eca5492fb7d"}, "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "definition": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. When program is specified, command is executed by psql and the data passed from or to command is routed between the server and the client. Again, the execution privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. For \\copy ... from stdin , data rows are read from the same source that issued the command, continuing until \\. is read or the stream reaches EOF . This option is useful for populating tables in-line within an SQL script file. For \\copy ... to stdout , output is sent to the same place as psql command output, and the COPY count command status is not printed (since it might be confused with a data row). To read/write psql 's standard input or output regardless of the current command source or \\o option, write from pstdin or to pstdout . The syntax of this command is similar to that of the SQL COPY command. All options other than the data source/destination are as specified for COPY . Because of this, special parsing rules apply to the \\copy meta-command. Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the arguments of \\copy , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. Tip Another way to obtain the same result as \\copy ... to is to use the SQL COPY ... TO STDOUT command and terminate it with \\g filename or \\g | program . Unlike \\copy , this method allows the command to span multiple lines; also, variable interpolation and backquote expansion can be used. Tip These operations are not as efficient as the SQL COPY command with a file or program data source or destination, because all data must pass through the client/server connection. For large amounts of data the SQL command might be preferable. Also, because of this pass-through method, \\copy ... from in CSV mode will erroneously treat a \\. data value alone on a line as an end-of-input marker."}, "comparison_hash": "3bdd142a059fbcf065c73e7fc640960c3f4fca256e61cf83232c7cf8412b2cb7", "manual_language": "zh"}, "18": {"facts": [{"label": "\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef", "value": "psql 18.6"}, {"label": "\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "value": "\\copy"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-63-6f-70-79/?v=18", "text": "\\copy"}, "modifiers": "\u6b64\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u672a\u5217\u51fa"}], "title": "\u672c\u7248\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "\u547d\u4ee4"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u4fee\u9970\u7b26"}]}], "command": "\\copy", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=18", "label": "psql \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u53ca\u5b8c\u6574\u624b\u518c"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2", "label": "18.6", "major": "18", "channel": "stable", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/18/postgresql-18-A4.pdf", "bytes": 15865106, "pages": 3154, "sha256": "19512c405da53f9f7fcf0abba359223aa65f021be025bf3411381918f92e3190", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/18/postgresql-18-US.pdf", "bytes": 15748059, "pages": 3328, "sha256": "facbe6c229e598b872d3d98bef53308f46e06746006fa4590de9a7de9dd46319", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "18", "index": "index.html", "major": "18", "pages": 1148, "release": "18.6", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 3, "source_mode": "en SGML built with pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f"}, "revision": "ee8d1a3612338fd9adf250730cb640fcc5233b5491337cc00a316a44e3a0b9f8", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://pg.center/docs/18/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "18.6 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "sha256": "fa2a1d39294b8854318e82e93f71272c645ed88150ecc2786c28902c3f32782c", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/18/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "description": ["\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a SQL COPY \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 psql \u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002"], "manual_html": "<div><dl class=\"variablelist\"><dt id=\"APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] } <code class=\"literal\">from</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ] [ where <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>condition</code></em> ]</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] | ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>query</code></em> ) } <code class=\"literal\">to</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ]</code></span> </dt><dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/18/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a<code class=\"literal\">program</code>\u65f6\uff0c<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em> \u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f20\u7ed9<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4ece\u5176\u4e2d\u8bfb\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... from stdin\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u4ec5\u542b \\. \u7684\u4e00\u884c\u6216\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u5230\u8fbe EOF\u3002\u8fd9\u9002\u5408\u5728 SQL \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5185\u8054\u586b\u5145\u8868\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... to stdout\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u53d1\u5f80\u4e0e psql \u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6253\u5370 COPY count \u547d\u4ee4\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u884c\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u59cb\u7ec8\u8bfb\u5199 psql \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6e90\u6216 \\o \u9009\u9879\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 from pstdin \u6216 to pstdout\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/18/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u9664\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u4e0e<code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u89c4\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5269\u4f59\u884c\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u6216\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... to</code>\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"literal\">COPY ... TO STDOUT</code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5<code class=\"literal\">\\g <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>filename</code></em></code> \u6216<code class=\"literal\">\\g |<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>program</code></em></code>\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u547d\u4ee4\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u884c\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u548c\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u7684 <acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"command\">COPY</code> \u547d\u4ee4\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef/\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</dd></dl></div>", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/18/app-psql.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "4ff5633229e0afa7feecc2750a7187d2d45a7eef0ca8febc73e4e5c15ac7fa6d", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[1]/h3[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/div[4]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/div[5]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/p[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/p[3]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/18/description/0": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required.", "/versions/18/facts/0/label": "Client", "/versions/18/facts/1/label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "/versions/18/tables/0/title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "/versions/18/related/0/label": "psql command-line options and complete manual", "/versions/18/tables/0/columns/0/label": "Command", "/versions/18/tables/0/columns/1/label": "Documented suffix modifiers", "/versions/18/tables/0/rows/0/modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "7dbcbb629efdcfaaf4267862e2f67bf3c8e0b529a47463ad55cfcb1b4a8e4bc6"}, "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "definition": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. When program is specified, command is executed by psql and the data passed from or to command is routed between the server and the client. Again, the execution privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. For \\copy ... from stdin , data rows are read from the same source that issued the command, continuing until a line containing only \\. is read or the stream reaches EOF . This option is useful for populating tables in-line within an SQL script file. For \\copy ... to stdout , output is sent to the same place as psql command output, and the COPY count command status is not printed (since it might be confused with a data row). To read/write psql 's standard input or output regardless of the current command source or \\o option, write from pstdin or to pstdout . The syntax of this command is similar to that of the SQL COPY command. All options other than the data source/destination are as specified for COPY . Because of this, special parsing rules apply to the \\copy meta-command. Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the arguments of \\copy , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. Tip Another way to obtain the same result as \\copy ... to is to use the SQL COPY ... TO STDOUT command and terminate it with \\g filename or \\g | program . Unlike \\copy , this method allows the command to span multiple lines; also, variable interpolation and backquote expansion can be used. Tip These operations are not as efficient as the SQL COPY command with a file or program data source or destination, because all data must pass through the client/server connection. For large amounts of data the SQL command might be preferable."}, "comparison_hash": "e071767018f7d11f024bce4d06b14a4d3f8ba780a74d277363f0d263427ccc48", "manual_language": "zh"}, "19": {"facts": [{"label": "\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef", "value": "psql 19beta4"}, {"label": "\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "value": "\\copy"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-63-6f-70-79/?v=19", "text": "\\copy"}, "modifiers": "\u6b64\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u672a\u5217\u51fa"}], "title": "\u672c\u7248\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "\u547d\u4ee4"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u4fee\u9970\u7b26"}]}], "command": "\\copy", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=19", "label": "psql \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u53ca\u5b8c\u6574\u624b\u518c"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v19beta4/postgresql-19beta4.tar.bz2", "label": "19beta4", "major": "19", "channel": "preview", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/19/postgresql-19-A4.pdf", "bytes": 16064841, "pages": 3052, "sha256": "4dd099e4125c591128fc5f3ebd02178dc24781f9e5ae629f96d67c4c8547427b", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/19/postgresql-19-US.pdf", "bytes": 15974616, "pages": 3225, "sha256": "61971fa857f0956d47341a0388fa6af9ae10acf691d4b2fc009007d384b0342b", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "19", "index": "index.html", "major": "19", "pages": 1155, "release": "19beta4", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v19beta4/postgresql-19beta4.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 5, "source_mode": "en SGML built with pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "83157ee9c599d03b2f7a3d73ef3a56ec24e0e79cc2b3501a64d1364f56398c86"}, "revision": "1bbbbf4133d426f0e4304010688d2984c30fb67df0cc3a61b3e37eb3f6f37833", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "83157ee9c599d03b2f7a3d73ef3a56ec24e0e79cc2b3501a64d1364f56398c86"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://pg.center/docs/19/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "19beta4 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "sha256": "312975c12d6e4d62aeebcb5e98e7ca795c6d07ecb743b4bc64403dc42bc2a6e9", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/19/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "description": ["\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a SQL COPY \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 psql \u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002"], "manual_html": "<div><dl class=\"variablelist\"><dt id=\"APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] } <code class=\"literal\">from</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ] [ where <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>condition</code></em> ]</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] | ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>query</code></em> ) } <code class=\"literal\">to</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ]</code></span> </dt><dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/19/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a<code class=\"literal\">program</code>\u65f6\uff0c<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em> \u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f20\u7ed9<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4ece\u5176\u4e2d\u8bfb\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... from stdin\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u4ec5\u542b \\. \u7684\u4e00\u884c\u6216\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u5230\u8fbe EOF\u3002\u8fd9\u9002\u5408\u5728 SQL \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5185\u8054\u586b\u5145\u8868\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... to stdout\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u53d1\u5f80\u4e0e psql \u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6253\u5370 COPY count \u547d\u4ee4\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u884c\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u59cb\u7ec8\u8bfb\u5199 psql \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6e90\u6216 \\o \u9009\u9879\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 from pstdin \u6216 to pstdout\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/19/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u9664\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u4e0e<code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u89c4\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5269\u4f59\u884c\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u6216\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... to</code>\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"literal\">COPY ... TO STDOUT</code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5<code class=\"literal\">\\g <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>filename</code></em></code> \u6216<code class=\"literal\">\\g |<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>program</code></em></code>\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u547d\u4ee4\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u884c\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u548c\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u7684 <acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"command\">COPY</code> \u547d\u4ee4\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef/\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</dd></dl></div>", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/19/app-psql.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "1351be06967585f99a84454a26dff346091ea378daf6c7ed9fa18edee9d1131c", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[1]/h3[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/div[4]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/div[5]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/p[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/p[3]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/19/description/0": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required.", "/versions/19/facts/0/label": "Client", "/versions/19/facts/1/label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "/versions/19/tables/0/title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "/versions/19/related/0/label": "psql command-line options and complete manual", "/versions/19/tables/0/columns/0/label": "Command", "/versions/19/tables/0/columns/1/label": "Documented suffix modifiers", "/versions/19/tables/0/rows/0/modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "04723008117adc23961a1fbf4515247438f46c814a4f427b4d9bd85a32b6c0bc"}, "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "definition": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. When program is specified, command is executed by psql and the data passed from or to command is routed between the server and the client. Again, the execution privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. For \\copy ... from stdin , data rows are read from the same source that issued the command, continuing until a line containing only \\. is read or the stream reaches EOF . This option is useful for populating tables in-line within an SQL script file. For \\copy ... to stdout , output is sent to the same place as psql command output, and the COPY count command status is not printed (since it might be confused with a data row). To read/write psql 's standard input or output regardless of the current command source or \\o option, write from pstdin or to pstdout . The syntax of this command is similar to that of the SQL COPY command. All options other than the data source/destination are as specified for COPY . Because of this, special parsing rules apply to the \\copy meta-command. Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the arguments of \\copy , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. Tip Another way to obtain the same result as \\copy ... to is to use the SQL COPY ... TO STDOUT command and terminate it with \\g filename or \\g | program . Unlike \\copy , this method allows the command to span multiple lines; also, variable interpolation and backquote expansion can be used. Tip These operations are not as efficient as the SQL COPY command with a file or program data source or destination, because all data must pass through the client/server connection. For large amounts of data the SQL command might be preferable."}, "comparison_hash": "e071767018f7d11f024bce4d06b14a4d3f8ba780a74d277363f0d263427ccc48", "manual_language": "zh"}, "20": {"facts": [{"label": "\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef", "value": "psql 20devel"}, {"label": "\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "value": "\\copy"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-63-6f-70-79/?v=20", "text": "\\copy"}, "modifiers": "\u6b64\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u672a\u5217\u51fa"}], "title": "\u672c\u7248\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "\u547d\u4ee4"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u4fee\u9970\u7b26"}]}], "command": "\\copy", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=20", "label": "psql \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u53ca\u5b8c\u6574\u624b\u518c"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/snapshot/dev/postgresql-snapshot.tar.bz2", "label": "20devel", "major": "20", "channel": "devel", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/20/postgresql-20-A4.pdf", "bytes": 16030631, "pages": 3052, "sha256": "bd5d82c0ce38fc18f92a0447818a91a193a261776bca1c37564bf9a683e177d0", "built_at": "2026-09-28"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/20/postgresql-20-US.pdf", "bytes": 15936613, "pages": 3223, "sha256": "d97d9e0db479a02f4234b175f50fcad70c3661619afc8d6df9b9437882e3c299", "built_at": "2026-09-28"}}, "tree": "0", "index": "index.html", "major": "20", "pages": 1156, "release": "20devel", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/snapshot/dev/postgresql-snapshot.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 6, "source_mode": "en SGML built with pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "4d3346909b201ac1648232cf290462a7070c119326f56196f1f0253ed80fae41", "source_snapshot_utc": "26-Sep-2026 20:22"}, "revision": "2eba5e0fd4c3bffb2803247b6cd537878e9d6ee5a6dfbe3c50ece8b421b80918", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "4d3346909b201ac1648232cf290462a7070c119326f56196f1f0253ed80fae41"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://pg.center/docs/devel/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "20devel English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "sha256": "6df5f6fbaff7800ae0e4a08a3116090d890a0cdcc02fddc31c1f220725905f87", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/devel/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "description": ["\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a SQL COPY \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 psql \u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002"], "manual_html": "<div><dl class=\"variablelist\"><dt id=\"APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] } <code class=\"literal\">from</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ] [ where <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>condition</code></em> ]</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] | ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>query</code></em> ) } <code class=\"literal\">to</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ]</code></span> </dt><dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/devel/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a<code class=\"literal\">program</code>\u65f6\uff0c<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em> \u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f20\u7ed9<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4ece\u5176\u4e2d\u8bfb\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... from stdin\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u4ec5\u542b \\. \u7684\u4e00\u884c\u6216\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u5230\u8fbe EOF\u3002\u8fd9\u9002\u5408\u5728 SQL \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5185\u8054\u586b\u5145\u8868\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... to stdout\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u53d1\u5f80\u4e0e psql \u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6253\u5370 COPY count \u547d\u4ee4\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u884c\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u59cb\u7ec8\u8bfb\u5199 psql \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6e90\u6216 \\o \u9009\u9879\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 from pstdin \u6216 to pstdout\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/devel/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u9664\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u4e0e<code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u89c4\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5269\u4f59\u884c\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u6216\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... to</code>\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"literal\">COPY ... TO STDOUT</code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5<code class=\"literal\">\\g <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>filename</code></em></code> \u6216<code class=\"literal\">\\g |<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>program</code></em></code>\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u547d\u4ee4\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u884c\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u548c\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u7684 <acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"command\">COPY</code> \u547d\u4ee4\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef/\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</dd></dl></div>", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/devel/app-psql.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "1590b6e290ad21fe3ac1c1549628841ae426d1cd07a8f808789207878dbee5ab", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[1]/h3[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/div[4]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/div[5]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/p[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/p[3]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/summary": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required.", "/category": "Data transfer and large objects", "/versions/20/description/0": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required.", "/versions/20/facts/0/label": "Client", "/versions/20/facts/1/label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "/versions/20/tables/0/title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "/versions/20/related/0/label": "psql command-line options and complete manual", "/versions/20/tables/0/columns/0/label": "Command", "/versions/20/tables/0/columns/1/label": "Documented suffix modifiers", "/versions/20/tables/0/rows/0/modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "c1cc8c65f8b59d5a87d7a8641e9f60d85b2b62420cee592fe350463ff014f5b0"}, "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "definition": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. When program is specified, command is executed by psql and the data passed from or to command is routed between the server and the client. Again, the execution privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. For \\copy ... from stdin , data rows are read from the same source that issued the command, continuing until a line containing only \\. is read or the stream reaches EOF . This option is useful for populating tables in-line within an SQL script file. For \\copy ... to stdout , output is sent to the same place as psql command output, and the COPY count command status is not printed (since it might be confused with a data row). To read/write psql 's standard input or output regardless of the current command source or \\o option, write from pstdin or to pstdout . The syntax of this command is similar to that of the SQL COPY command. All options other than the data source/destination are as specified for COPY . Because of this, special parsing rules apply to the \\copy meta-command. Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the arguments of \\copy , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. Tip Another way to obtain the same result as \\copy ... to is to use the SQL COPY ... TO STDOUT command and terminate it with \\g filename or \\g | program . Unlike \\copy , this method allows the command to span multiple lines; also, variable interpolation and backquote expansion can be used. Tip These operations are not as efficient as the SQL COPY command with a file or program data source or destination, because all data must pass through the client/server connection. For large amounts of data the SQL command might be preferable."}, "comparison_hash": "e071767018f7d11f024bce4d06b14a4d3f8ba780a74d277363f0d263427ccc48", "manual_language": "zh"}}}, "snapshot": {"facts": [{"label": "\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef", "value": "psql 18.6"}, {"label": "\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "value": "\\copy"}], "tables": [{"key": "spellings", "rows": [{"command": {"url": "/wiki/psql/cmd-63-6f-70-79/?v=18", "text": "\\copy"}, "modifiers": "\u6b64\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u672a\u5217\u51fa"}], "title": "\u672c\u7248\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u5199\u6cd5", "columns": [{"key": "command", "label": "\u547d\u4ee4"}, {"key": "modifiers", "label": "\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u4fee\u9970\u7b26"}]}], "command": "\\copy", "related": [{"url": "/wiki/tool/psql/?v=18", "label": "psql \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u53ca\u5b8c\u6574\u624b\u518c"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2", "label": "18.6", "major": "18", "channel": "stable", "manifest": {"pdf": {"A4": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/18/postgresql-18-A4.pdf", "bytes": 15865106, "pages": 3154, "sha256": "19512c405da53f9f7fcf0abba359223aa65f021be025bf3411381918f92e3190", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}, "US": {"url": "/files/documentation/pdf/18/postgresql-18-US.pdf", "bytes": 15748059, "pages": 3328, "sha256": "facbe6c229e598b872d3d98bef53308f46e06746006fa4590de9a7de9dd46319", "built_at": "2026-09-26"}}, "tree": "18", "index": "index.html", "major": "18", "pages": 1148, "release": "18.6", "source_url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2", "svg_assets": 3, "source_mode": "en SGML built with pinned official archive", "source_sha256": "555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f"}, "revision": "ee8d1a3612338fd9adf250730cb640fcc5233b5491337cc00a316a44e3a0b9f8", "evidence_kind": "English manual and source declarations", "source_sha256": "555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://pg.center/docs/18/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "file": "app-psql.html", "label": "18.6 English manual \u00b7 app-psql.html", "anchor": "APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "sha256": "fa2a1d39294b8854318e82e93f71272c645ed88150ecc2786c28902c3f32782c", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/18/app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY"}], "sections": [], "modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "description": ["\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a SQL COPY \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 psql \u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002"], "manual_html": "<div><dl class=\"variablelist\"><dt id=\"APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] } <code class=\"literal\">from</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ] [ where <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>condition</code></em> ]</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">\\copy { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>table</code></em> [ ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>column_list</code></em> ) ] | ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>query</code></em> ) } <code class=\"literal\">to</code> { <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'filename'</code></em> | program <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>'command'</code></em> | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>option</code></em> [, ...] ) ]</code></span> </dt><dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/18/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a<code class=\"literal\">program</code>\u65f6\uff0c<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em> \u7531<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f20\u7ed9<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>command</code></em>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4ece\u5176\u4e2d\u8bfb\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u9001\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 SQL \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... from stdin\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u4ec5\u542b \\. \u7684\u4e00\u884c\u6216\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u5230\u8fbe EOF\u3002\u8fd9\u9002\u5408\u5728 SQL \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5185\u8054\u586b\u5145\u8868\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e \\copy ... to stdout\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u53d1\u5f80\u4e0e psql \u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6253\u5370 COPY count \u547d\u4ee4\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u884c\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u59cb\u7ec8\u8bfb\u5199 psql \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6e90\u6216 \\o \u9009\u9879\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 from pstdin \u6216 to pstdout\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/18/sql-copy.html\" title=\"COPY\"><code class=\"command\">COPY</code></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u9664\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u4e0e<code class=\"command\">COPY</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u89c4\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5269\u4f59\u884c\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<code class=\"command\">\\copy</code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u6216\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy ... to</code>\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"literal\">COPY ... TO STDOUT</code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5<code class=\"literal\">\\g <em class=\"replaceable\"><code>filename</code></em></code> \u6216<code class=\"literal\">\\g |<em class=\"replaceable\"><code>program</code></em></code>\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">\\copy</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u547d\u4ee4\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u884c\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u548c\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u7684 <acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> <code class=\"command\">COPY</code> \u547d\u4ee4\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef/\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <acronym class=\"acronym\">SQL</acronym> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</dd></dl></div>", "manual_path": "app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS-COPY", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/18/app-psql.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "4ff5633229e0afa7feecc2750a7187d2d45a7eef0ca8febc73e4e5c15ac7fa6d", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[11]/div[1]/h3[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/div[4]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/div[5]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/p[0]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/p[1]", "#APP-PSQL/div[7]/div[3]/div[11]/dl[0]/dd[17]/p[3]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/18/description/0": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required.", "/versions/18/facts/0/label": "Client", "/versions/18/facts/1/label": "Case-sensitive spelling", "/versions/18/tables/0/title": "Spellings in this manual definition", "/versions/18/related/0/label": "psql command-line options and complete manual", "/versions/18/tables/0/columns/0/label": "Command", "/versions/18/tables/0/columns/1/label": "Documented suffix modifiers", "/versions/18/tables/0/rows/0/modifiers": "None listed in this signature"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "7dbcbb629efdcfaaf4267862e2f67bf3c8e0b529a47463ad55cfcb1b4a8e4bc6"}, "comparison_data": {"modifiers": [], "signature": "\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] } from { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | pstdin } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ] [ where condition ] \\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } to { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdout | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]", "spellings": ["\\copy"], "definition": "Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. When program is specified, command is executed by psql and the data passed from or to command is routed between the server and the client. Again, the execution privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. For \\copy ... from stdin , data rows are read from the same source that issued the command, continuing until a line containing only \\. is read or the stream reaches EOF . This option is useful for populating tables in-line within an SQL script file. For \\copy ... to stdout , output is sent to the same place as psql command output, and the COPY count command status is not printed (since it might be confused with a data row). To read/write psql 's standard input or output regardless of the current command source or \\o option, write from pstdin or to pstdout . The syntax of this command is similar to that of the SQL COPY command. All options other than the data source/destination are as specified for COPY . Because of this, special parsing rules apply to the \\copy meta-command. Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the arguments of \\copy , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. Tip Another way to obtain the same result as \\copy ... to is to use the SQL COPY ... TO STDOUT command and terminate it with \\g filename or \\g | program . Unlike \\copy , this method allows the command to span multiple lines; also, variable interpolation and backquote expansion can be used. Tip These operations are not as efficient as the SQL COPY command with a file or program data source or destination, because all data must pass through the client/server connection. For large amounts of data the SQL command might be preferable."}, "comparison_hash": "e071767018f7d11f024bce4d06b14a4d3f8ba780a74d277363f0d263427ccc48", "manual_language": "zh"}, "comparison": {"left": "10", "right": "11", "status": "changed", "diff": "--- PostgreSQL 10\n+++ PostgreSQL 11\n@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@\n {\n-  \"definition\": \"Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. When program is specified, command is executed by psql and the data passed from or to command is routed between the server and the client. Again, the execution privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. For \\\\copy ... from stdin , data rows are read from the same source that issued the command, continuing until \\\\. is read or the stream reaches EOF . This option is useful for populating tables in-line within a SQL script file. For \\\\copy ... to stdout , output is sent to the same place as psql command output, and the COPY count command status is not printed (since it might be confused with a data row). To read/write psql 's standard input or output regardless of the current command source or \\\\o option, write from pstdin or to pstdout . The syntax of this command is similar to that of the SQL COPY command. All options other than the data source/destination are as specified for COPY . Because of this, special parsing rules apply to the \\\\copy meta-command. Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the arguments of \\\\copy , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. Tip Another way to obtain the same result as \\\\copy ... to is to use the SQL COPY ... TO STDOUT command and terminate it with \\\\g filename or \\\\g | program . Unlike \\\\copy , this method allows the command to span multiple lines; also, variable interpolation and backquote expansion can be used. Tip These operations are not as efficient as the SQL COPY command with a file or program data source or destination, because all data must pass through the client/server connection. For large amounts of data the SQL command might be preferable.\",\n+  \"definition\": \"Performs a frontend (client) copy. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. When program is specified, command is executed by psql and the data passed from or to command is routed between the server and the client. Again, the execution privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are required. For \\\\copy ... from stdin , data rows are read from the same source that issued the command, continuing until \\\\. is read or the stream reaches EOF . This option is useful for populating tables in-line within a SQL script file. For \\\\copy ... to stdout , output is sent to the same place as psql command output, and the COPY count command status is not printed (since it might be confused with a data row). To read/write psql 's standard input or output regardless of the current command source or \\\\o option, write from pstdin or to pstdout . The syntax of this command is similar to that of the SQL COPY command. All options other than the data source/destination are as specified for COPY . Because of this, special parsing rules apply to the \\\\copy meta-command. Unlike most other meta-commands, the entire remainder of the line is always taken to be the arguments of \\\\copy , and neither variable interpolation nor backquote expansion are performed in the arguments. Tip Another way to obtain the same result as \\\\copy ... to is to use the SQL COPY ... TO STDOUT command and terminate it with \\\\g filename or \\\\g | program . Unlike \\\\copy , this method allows the command to span multiple lines; also, variable interpolation and backquote expansion can be used. Tip These operations are not as efficient as the SQL COPY command with a file or program data source or destination, because all data must pass through the client/server connection. For large amounts of data the SQL command might be preferable. Also, because of this pass-through method, \\\\copy ... from in CSV mode will erroneously treat a \\\\. data value alone on a line as an end-of-input marker.\",\n   \"modifiers\": [],\n   \"signature\": \"\\\\copy { table [ ( column_list ) ] | ( query ) } { from | to } { 'filename' | program 'command' | stdin | stdout | pstdin | pstdout } [ [ with ] ( option [, ...] ) ]\",\n   \"spellings\": ["}}