{"kind": "locale", "major": "18", "item": {"slug": "collation-c", "name": "C", "name_zh": "", "category": "\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219", "summary": "\u6807\u51c6 C \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219", "aliases": [], "content_hash": "d12a747001acc3668e58d15386a696d3d5cb537a4077a040d99a9d247960311a", "versions": {"10": {"facts": [{"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff08collname\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff08collprovider\uff09", "value": "c"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\uff08collencoding\uff09", "value": "-1"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collcollate\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collctype\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u7248\u672c\uff08collversion\uff09", "value": "_null_"}], "tables": [], "aliases": [], "catalog": {"oid": "950", "descr": "standard C collation", "collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collowner": "PGUID", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collnamespace": "PGNSP"}, "related": [{"url": "/wiki/locale/provider-libc/?v=10", "label": "libc \u63d0\u4f9b\u8005"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v10.23/postgresql-10.23.tar.bz2", "label": "10.23", "major": "10", "channel": "historical", "revision": "94a4b2528372458e5662c18d406629266667c437198160a18cdfd2c4a4d6eee9", "source_sha256": "94a4b2528372458e5662c18d406629266667c437198160a18cdfd2c4a4d6eee9", "catalog_fingerprint": "691be281b476dde4374d7f805b2bacc2e75bdef40f1e9d3d42e91f97fe95cfd0"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v10.23/postgresql-10.23.tar.bz2", "label": "Matching PostgreSQL source archive", "sha256": "94a4b2528372458e5662c18d406629266667c437198160a18cdfd2c4a4d6eee9"}, {"url": "https://pg.center/docs/10/collation.html", "path": "collation.html", "label": "PostgreSQL 10 English manual", "sha256": "7498aa8dd7e0560798b1ff483401b971b082430f6a6da28af4fda675f4977775", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/10/collation.html"}], "sections": [], "signature": "", "attributes": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c"}, "source_oid": "950", "description": ["\u6807\u51c6 C \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219"], "manual_html": "<div class=\"sect1\" id=\"COLLATION\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"title\" style=\"clear: both\">23.2.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u652f\u6301 </h2>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h2>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7279\u6027\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u751a\u81f3\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u7f13\u89e3\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e4b\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u66f4\u6539\u8fd9\u4e00\u9650\u5236\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect2\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"sect2\"><a href=\"/docs/10/collation.html#id-1.6.10.4.4\">23.2.1. \u6982\u5ff5</a></span></h3>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\uff08\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec<code class=\"type\">text</code>\u3001<code class=\"type\">varchar</code>\u548c<code class=\"type\">char</code>\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7c7b\u578b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u57df\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\uff09\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5217\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u5217\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5e38\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u5176\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u5e38\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5219\u6309\u4e0b\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u5176\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u9ed8\u8ba4</span>\u201d</span>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u987b\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4f8b\u5982\u53d1\u751f\u5728<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\uff08\u5982 <code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u6392\u5e8f\u952e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5219\u6309\u4e0b\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982<code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\uff09\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca<code class=\"function\">to_char</code> \u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u53c2\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u65f6\u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u5df2\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u5916\u56f4\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684<em class=\"firstterm\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f</em>\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u533a\u522b\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"literal\">COLLATE</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\u90fd\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u7ec4\u5408\u591a\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"orderedlist\">\n<ol class=\"orderedlist\">\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5177\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n</li>\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n</li>\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u4e92\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u7ec4\u5408\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u9664\u975e\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u629b\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u3002</p>\n</li>\n</ol>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE TABLE test1 (\n    a text COLLATE \"de_DE\",\n    b text COLLATE \"es_ES\",\n    ...\n);\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u90a3\u4e48\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; 'foo' FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f1a\u6309<code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f46\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; ('foo' COLLATE \"fr_FR\") FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f1a\u6309<code class=\"literal\">fr_FR</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u9690\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u5e94\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<code class=\"structfield\">a</code>\u5217\u548c<code class=\"structfield\">b</code>\u5217\u5177\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u7531\u4e8e <code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed9\u4efb\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9644\u52a0\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; b COLLATE \"de_DE\" FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6216\u8005\u7b49\u4ef7\u5730\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a COLLATE \"de_DE\" &lt; b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a || b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<code class=\"literal\">||</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a\u65e0\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u76f8\u540c\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7ec4\u5408\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || 'foo';\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u5c06\u6309<code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || b;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5373\u4f7f<code class=\"literal\">||</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u3002\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || b COLLATE \"fr_FR\";\n</pre></div>\n<div class=\"sect2\" id=\"COLLATION-MANAGING\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"sect2\"><a href=\"/docs/10/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING\">23.2.2. \u7ba1\u7406\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219</a></span></h3>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a SQL \u6a21\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u67d0\u4e2a SQL \u540d\u79f0\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a<em class=\"firstterm\">\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f</em>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7531\u54ea\u4e2a\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf C \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e5f\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f<code class=\"literal\">icu</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u90e8 ICU<a class=\"indexterm\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.2.4\" name=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.2.4\"></a>\u5e93\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6784\u5efa PostgreSQL\u65f6\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e93\u8c03\u7528<code class=\"literal\">setlocale()</code>\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\u3002\uff08\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u63a7\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u7684 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u8ba9 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u628a\u4e8c\u8005\u5f52\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6bd4\u518d\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u7684\u673a\u5236\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\uff09\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8fd8\u4e0e\u67d0\u79cd\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7f16\u7801\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff08\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/10/multibyte.html\" title=\"23.3.\u00a0\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u652f\u6301\">\u7b2c\u00a023.3\u00a0\u8282</a>\uff09\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">icu</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e ICU \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5177\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u5668\u3002ICU \u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5c06<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">collate</span>\u201d</span>\u548c<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">ctype</span>\u201d</span>\u5206\u5f00\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e8c\u8005\u603b\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u540d\u79f0\u7684 ICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u59cb\u7ec8\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.1.\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6240\u6709\u5e73\u53f0\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u540d\u4e3a <code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">C</code> \u548c <code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002<code class=\"literal\">default</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9009\u62e9\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code> \u548c <code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u503c\u3002<code class=\"literal\">C</code> \u548c <code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u91c7\u7528<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u4f20\u7edf C</span>\u201d</span>\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ec5\u5c06 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">A</code></span>\u201d</span>\u5230<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">Z</code></span>\u201d</span>\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e25\u683c\u6309\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6b64\u5916\uff0cUTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 ucs_basic\u3002\u5b83\u4e0e C \u7b49\u4ef7\uff0c\u6309 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.6\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.2.\u00a0\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08<code class=\"function\">newlocale</code> \u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u7c07\u65f6\uff0c<code class=\"command\">initdb</code>\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u586b\u5145\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u5f55<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u67e5\u8be2<code class=\"literal\">SELECT * FROM pg_collation</code>\uff0c\u6216\u5728<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<code class=\"command\">\\dOS+</code>\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.6.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.2.1.\u00a0libc collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u540d\u4e3a de_DE.utf8 \u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002initdb \u4f1a\u4e3a UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u540c\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06 LC_COLLATE \u4e0e LC_CTYPE \u5747\u8bbe\u4e3a de_DE.utf8\uff1b\u8fd8\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53bb\u6389 .utf8 \u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u7b80\u77ed\u3001\u8f83\u5c11\u4f9d\u8d56\u7f16\u7801\u540d\u79f0\u7684 de_DE\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u96c6\u5408\u4ecd\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e73\u53f0\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<code class=\"literal\">locale -a</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u51fa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u67d0\u4e2a<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u5176<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code> \u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u53d6\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u53c8\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/10/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/10/functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-COLLATION\" title=\"\u8868\u00a09.86.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ba1\u7406\u51fd\u6570\"><code class=\"function\">pg_import_system_collations()</code></a> \u51fd\u6570\u6279\u91cf\u5bfc\u5165\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u624d\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u76ee\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u50cf <code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u8fd9\u6837\u53bb\u6389\u7f16\u7801\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5e76\u4e0d\u552f\u4e00\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u51b3\u5b9a\u6539\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6539\u52a8\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4f1a\u66f4\u5c11\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u53d7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u5373\u4f7f\u9762\u5bf9\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a COLLATE \"C\" &lt; b COLLATE \"POSIX\" FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5373\u4f7f<code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u6df7\u7528\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u7f00\u548c\u4fdd\u7559\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.6.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.2.2.\u00a0ICU collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e ICU\uff0c\u679a\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\u79f0\u5e76\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u3002ICU \u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed9\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u540d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdc\u591a\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<code class=\"command\">initdb</code>\u4f7f\u7528 ICU API \u63d0\u53d6\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u586b\u5145\u521d\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u7531 ICU \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5728 SQL \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u540d\u79f0\u91c7\u7528 BCP 47 \u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u7b7e\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u52a0<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u79c1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528</span>\u201d</span>\u6269\u5c55 <code class=\"literal\">-x-icu</code>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e0e libc \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">de-x-icu</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d8\u4f53</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">de-AT-x-icu</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5965\u5730\u5229\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d8\u4f53</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\uff08\u8fd8\u6709\u4f8b\u5982<code class=\"literal\">de-DE-x-icu</code>\u6216<code class=\"literal\">de-CH-x-icu</code>\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u64b0\u5199\u672c\u6587\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">de-x-icu</code>\u7b49\u4ef7\u3002\uff09</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">und-x-icu</code>\uff08\u8868\u793a<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49</span>\u201d</span>\uff09</span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>ICU<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u6839</span>\u201d</span>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u5b83\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u79cd\u8f83\u4e3a\u5408\u7406\u3001\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u67d0\u4e9b\uff08\u8f83\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff09\u7f16\u7801\u4e0d\u53d7 ICU \u652f\u6301\u3002\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u4e2d\u7684 ICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6761\u76ee\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u62a5\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">collation \"de-x-icu\" for encoding \"WIN874\" does not exist</span>\u201d</span>\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-CREATE\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 SQL \u547d\u4ee4<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/10/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f <code class=\"literal\">pg_catalog</code>\u4e2d\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5e94\u5f53\u521b\u5efa\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab<code class=\"command\">pg_dump</code>\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.7.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.1.\u00a0libc collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u65b0\u7684 libc \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u521b\u5efa\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION german (provider = libc, locale = 'de_DE');\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d<code class=\"literal\">locale</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u786e\u5207\u503c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u7c7b Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4<code class=\"literal\">locale -a</code>\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531\u4e8e\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 libc \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f8b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u5de5\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5305\u62ec\u5e0c\u671b\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53e6\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/10/collation.html#COLLATION-COPY\" title=\"23.2.2.3.3.\u00a0\u590d\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\">\u7b2c\u00a023.2.2.3.3\u00a0\u8282</a>\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5347\u7ea7\u540e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53e6\u89c1<a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/10/functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-COLLATION\" title=\"\u8868\u00a09.86.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ba1\u7406\u51fd\u6570\"><code class=\"function\">pg_import_system_collations()</code></a>\uff09\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.7.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.2.\u00a0ICU collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u9664\u4e86 <code class=\"command\">initdb</code> \u9884\u88c5\u8f7d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ec4\u5408\u5916\uff0cICU \u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b9a\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u4f7f\u6392\u5e8f\u884c\u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5173\u4e8e ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/locale/\" target=\"_top\">https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/locale/</a>\u548c<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/collation/api.html\" target=\"_top\">https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/collation/api.html</a>\u3002\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u96c6\u5408\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684 ICU \u7248\u672c\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"de-u-co-phonebk-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'de-u-co-phonebk');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"de-u-co-phonebk-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'de@collation=phonebook');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7535\u8bdd\u7c3f\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528 BCP 47 \u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u7b7e\u201d\u9009\u62e9 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 ICU \u4e13\u7528\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u4eca\u540e\u63a8\u8350\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u8f83\u65e7\u7684 ICU \u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5b83\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 SQL \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\u4efb\u610f\u547d\u540d\u3002\u672c\u4f8b\u9075\u5faa\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u547d\u540d\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u8be5\u98ce\u683c\u4e5f\u9075\u5faa BCP 47\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5982\u6b64\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"und-u-co-emoji-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'und-u-co-emoji');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"und-u-co-emoji-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = '@collation=emoji');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6839\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8868\u60c5\u7b26\u53f7\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 #51</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u6839\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION latinlast (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kr-grek-latn');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION latinlast (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colReorder=grek-latn');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5c06\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION upperfirst (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kf-upper');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION upperfirst (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colCaseFirst=upper');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5c06\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u5728\u524d\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION special (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kf-upper-kr-grek-latn');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION special (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colCaseFirst=upper;colReorder=grek-latn');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION numeric (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kn-true');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION numeric (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colNumeric=yes');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6570\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6309\u6570\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code class=\"literal\">A-21</code> &lt; <code class=\"literal\">A-123</code>\uff08\u4e5f\u79f0\u81ea\u7136\u6392\u5e8f\uff09\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"http://unicode.org/reports/tr35/tr35-collation.html\" target=\"_top\">Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 #35</a>\u548c<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47\" target=\"_top\">BCP 47</a>\u4e86\u89e3\u8be6\u60c5\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\u5217\u8868\uff08<code class=\"literal\">co</code>\u5b50\u6807\u7b7e\uff09\u53ef\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u627e\u5230\uff1a<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://github.com/unicode-org/cldr/blob/master/common/bcp47/collation.xml\" target=\"_top\">CLDR \u4ed3\u5e93</a>\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199</span>\u201d</span>\u6216<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u5ffd\u7565\u91cd\u97f3</span>\u201d</span>\u7b49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 <code class=\"literal\">ks</code> \u952e\uff09\uff0c\u4f46 PostgreSQL \u76ee\u524d\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u771f\u6b63\u4ee5\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6216\u91cd\u97f3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6309\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u7b49\u3001\u4f46\u5b57\u8282\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4ecd\u4f1a\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"note\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">ICU \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5141\u8bb8\u63a5\u53d7\u51e0\u4e4e\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u5176\u6587\u6863\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u56de\u9000\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u5230\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5f53\u524d ICU \u5b89\u88c5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u76f4\u63a5\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5efa\u8bae\u521b\u5efa\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"COLLATION-COPY\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.3.\u00a0Copying Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u547d\u4ee4<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/10/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ee5\u66f4\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6765\u4f7f\u7528 ICU \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION german FROM \"de_DE\";\nCREATE COLLATION french FROM \"fr-x-icu\";\n</pre></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>", "manual_path": "/docs/10/collation.html", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/10/collation.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "a0b1b9586baac71cbacca29718263d002390cda125a47e558c51ccb56cfea2fc", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#COLLATION/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[1]/dl[0]/dt[0]", "#COLLATION/div[1]/dl[0]/dt[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[0]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[2]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[11]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[13]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[15]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[17]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[19]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[21]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[22]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[24]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[26]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[5]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[7]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[6]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dt[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[11]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[7]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[6]/h3[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[6]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/p[3]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/10/description/0": "standard C collation", "/versions/10/facts/0/label": "Collname", "/versions/10/facts/1/label": "Collprovider", "/versions/10/facts/2/label": "Collencoding", "/versions/10/facts/3/label": "Collcollate", "/versions/10/facts/4/label": "Collctype", "/versions/10/facts/5/label": "Collversion", "/versions/10/related/0/label": "libc provider"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "dcd139ff722fb81258e967a92d9c214909b1cbc28da41cf326cd25e7555de6f0"}, "comparison_data": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c"}, "comparison_hash": "b3ca9ae74776f95caa112a8a3fe77dd394ffe6ef835c2f5529fcdc054238f63a", "manual_language": "zh"}, "11": {"facts": [{"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff08collname\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff08collprovider\uff09", "value": "c"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\uff08collencoding\uff09", "value": "-1"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collcollate\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collctype\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u7248\u672c\uff08collversion\uff09", "value": "_null_"}], "tables": [], "aliases": [], "catalog": {"oid": "950", "descr": "standard C collation", "collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collowner": "PGUID", "oid_symbol": "C_COLLATION_OID", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collnamespace": "PGNSP"}, "related": [{"url": "/wiki/locale/provider-libc/?v=11", "label": "libc \u63d0\u4f9b\u8005"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v11.22/postgresql-11.22.tar.bz2", "label": "11.22", "major": "11", "channel": "historical", "revision": "2cb7c97d7a0d7278851bbc9c61f467b69c094c72b81740b751108e7892ebe1f0", "source_sha256": "2cb7c97d7a0d7278851bbc9c61f467b69c094c72b81740b751108e7892ebe1f0", "catalog_fingerprint": "8f21f4444b7f68923f4762af0eb7937fa2907026e91249483e79050de012c901"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v11.22/postgresql-11.22.tar.bz2", "label": "Matching PostgreSQL source archive", "sha256": "2cb7c97d7a0d7278851bbc9c61f467b69c094c72b81740b751108e7892ebe1f0"}, {"url": "https://pg.center/docs/11/collation.html", "path": "collation.html", "label": "PostgreSQL 11 English manual", "sha256": "0868a6efe807a8cabae92a813ff7c81f6e694de80a914cc0108b884a75ec4ff2", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/11/collation.html"}], "sections": [], "signature": "", "attributes": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c"}, "source_oid": "950", "description": ["\u6807\u51c6 C \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219"], "manual_html": "<div class=\"sect1\" id=\"COLLATION\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"title\" style=\"clear: both\">23.2.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u652f\u6301 </h2>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h2>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7279\u6027\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u751a\u81f3\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u7f13\u89e3\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e4b\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u66f4\u6539\u8fd9\u4e00\u9650\u5236\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect2\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"sect2\"><a href=\"/docs/11/collation.html#id-1.6.10.4.4\">23.2.1. \u6982\u5ff5</a></span></h3>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\uff08\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec<code class=\"type\">text</code>\u3001<code class=\"type\">varchar</code>\u548c<code class=\"type\">char</code>\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7c7b\u578b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u57df\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\uff09\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5217\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u5217\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5e38\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u5176\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u5e38\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5219\u6309\u4e0b\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u5176\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u9ed8\u8ba4</span>\u201d</span>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u987b\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4f8b\u5982\u53d1\u751f\u5728<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\uff08\u5982 <code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u6392\u5e8f\u952e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5219\u6309\u4e0b\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982<code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\uff09\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca<code class=\"function\">to_char</code> \u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u53c2\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u65f6\u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u5df2\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u5916\u56f4\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684<em class=\"firstterm\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f</em>\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u533a\u522b\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"literal\">COLLATE</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\u90fd\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u7ec4\u5408\u591a\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"orderedlist\">\n<ol class=\"orderedlist\">\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5177\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n</li>\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n</li>\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u4e92\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u7ec4\u5408\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u9664\u975e\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u629b\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u3002</p>\n</li>\n</ol>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE TABLE test1 (\n    a text COLLATE \"de_DE\",\n    b text COLLATE \"es_ES\",\n    ...\n);\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u90a3\u4e48\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; 'foo' FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f1a\u6309<code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f46\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; ('foo' COLLATE \"fr_FR\") FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f1a\u6309<code class=\"literal\">fr_FR</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u9690\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u5e94\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<code class=\"structfield\">a</code>\u5217\u548c<code class=\"structfield\">b</code>\u5217\u5177\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u7531\u4e8e <code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed9\u4efb\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9644\u52a0\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; b COLLATE \"de_DE\" FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6216\u8005\u7b49\u4ef7\u5730\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a COLLATE \"de_DE\" &lt; b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a || b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<code class=\"literal\">||</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a\u65e0\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u76f8\u540c\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7ec4\u5408\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || 'foo';\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u5c06\u6309<code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || b;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5373\u4f7f<code class=\"literal\">||</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u3002\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || b COLLATE \"fr_FR\";\n</pre>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect2\" id=\"COLLATION-MANAGING\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"sect2\"><a href=\"/docs/11/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING\">23.2.2. \u7ba1\u7406\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219</a></span></h3>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a SQL \u6a21\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u67d0\u4e2a SQL \u540d\u79f0\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a<em class=\"firstterm\">\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f</em>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7531\u54ea\u4e2a\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf C \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e5f\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f<code class=\"literal\">icu</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u90e8 ICU<a class=\"indexterm\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.2.4\" name=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.2.4\"></a>\u5e93\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6784\u5efa PostgreSQL\u65f6\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e93\u8c03\u7528<code class=\"literal\">setlocale()</code>\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\u3002\uff08\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u63a7\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u7684 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u8ba9 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u628a\u4e8c\u8005\u5f52\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6bd4\u518d\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u7684\u673a\u5236\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\uff09\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8fd8\u4e0e\u67d0\u79cd\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7f16\u7801\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff08\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/11/multibyte.html\" title=\"23.3.\u00a0\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u652f\u6301\">\u7b2c\u00a023.3\u00a0\u8282</a>\uff09\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">icu</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e ICU \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5177\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u5668\u3002ICU \u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5c06<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">collate</span>\u201d</span>\u548c<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">ctype</span>\u201d</span>\u5206\u5f00\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e8c\u8005\u603b\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u540d\u79f0\u7684 ICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u59cb\u7ec8\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.1.\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6240\u6709\u5e73\u53f0\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u540d\u4e3a <code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">C</code> \u548c <code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002<code class=\"literal\">default</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9009\u62e9\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code> \u548c <code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u503c\u3002<code class=\"literal\">C</code> \u548c <code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u91c7\u7528<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u4f20\u7edf C</span>\u201d</span>\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ec5\u5c06 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">A</code></span>\u201d</span>\u5230<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">Z</code></span>\u201d</span>\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e25\u683c\u6309\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6b64\u5916\uff0cUTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 ucs_basic\u3002\u5b83\u4e0e C \u7b49\u4ef7\uff0c\u6309 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.6\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.2.\u00a0\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08<code class=\"function\">newlocale</code> \u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u7c07\u65f6\uff0c<code class=\"command\">initdb</code>\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u586b\u5145\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u5f55<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u67e5\u8be2<code class=\"literal\">SELECT * FROM pg_collation</code>\uff0c\u6216\u5728<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<code class=\"command\">\\dOS+</code>\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.6.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.2.1.\u00a0libc collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u540d\u4e3a de_DE.utf8 \u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002initdb \u4f1a\u4e3a UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u540c\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06 LC_COLLATE \u4e0e LC_CTYPE \u5747\u8bbe\u4e3a de_DE.utf8\uff1b\u8fd8\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53bb\u6389 .utf8 \u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u7b80\u77ed\u3001\u8f83\u5c11\u4f9d\u8d56\u7f16\u7801\u540d\u79f0\u7684 de_DE\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u96c6\u5408\u4ecd\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e73\u53f0\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<code class=\"literal\">locale -a</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u51fa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u67d0\u4e2a<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u5176<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code> \u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u53d6\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u53c8\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/11/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/11/functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-COLLATION\" title=\"\u8868\u00a09.86.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ba1\u7406\u51fd\u6570\"><code class=\"function\">pg_import_system_collations()</code></a> \u51fd\u6570\u6279\u91cf\u5bfc\u5165\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u624d\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u76ee\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u50cf <code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u8fd9\u6837\u53bb\u6389\u7f16\u7801\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5e76\u4e0d\u552f\u4e00\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u51b3\u5b9a\u6539\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6539\u52a8\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4f1a\u66f4\u5c11\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u53d7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u5373\u4f7f\u9762\u5bf9\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a COLLATE \"C\" &lt; b COLLATE \"POSIX\" FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5373\u4f7f<code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u6df7\u7528\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u7f00\u548c\u4fdd\u7559\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.6.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.2.2.\u00a0ICU collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e ICU\uff0c\u679a\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\u79f0\u5e76\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u3002ICU \u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed9\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u540d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdc\u591a\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<code class=\"command\">initdb</code>\u4f7f\u7528 ICU API \u63d0\u53d6\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u586b\u5145\u521d\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u7531 ICU \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5728 SQL \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u540d\u79f0\u91c7\u7528 BCP 47 \u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u7b7e\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u52a0<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u79c1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528</span>\u201d</span>\u6269\u5c55 <code class=\"literal\">-x-icu</code>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e0e libc \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">de-x-icu</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d8\u4f53</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">de-AT-x-icu</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5965\u5730\u5229\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d8\u4f53</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\uff08\u8fd8\u6709\u4f8b\u5982<code class=\"literal\">de-DE-x-icu</code>\u6216<code class=\"literal\">de-CH-x-icu</code>\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u64b0\u5199\u672c\u6587\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">de-x-icu</code>\u7b49\u4ef7\u3002\uff09</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">und-x-icu</code>\uff08\u8868\u793a<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49</span>\u201d</span>\uff09</span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>ICU<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u6839</span>\u201d</span>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u5b83\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u79cd\u8f83\u4e3a\u5408\u7406\u3001\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u67d0\u4e9b\uff08\u8f83\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff09\u7f16\u7801\u4e0d\u53d7 ICU \u652f\u6301\u3002\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u4e2d\u7684 ICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6761\u76ee\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u62a5\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">collation \"de-x-icu\" for encoding \"WIN874\" does not exist</span>\u201d</span>\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-CREATE\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 SQL \u547d\u4ee4<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/11/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f <code class=\"literal\">pg_catalog</code>\u4e2d\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5e94\u5f53\u521b\u5efa\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab<code class=\"command\">pg_dump</code>\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.7.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.1.\u00a0libc collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u65b0\u7684 libc \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u521b\u5efa\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION german (provider = libc, locale = 'de_DE');\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d<code class=\"literal\">locale</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u786e\u5207\u503c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u7c7b Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4<code class=\"literal\">locale -a</code>\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531\u4e8e\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 libc \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f8b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u5de5\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5305\u62ec\u5e0c\u671b\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53e6\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/11/collation.html#COLLATION-COPY\" title=\"23.2.2.3.3.\u00a0\u590d\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\">\u7b2c\u00a023.2.2.3.3\u00a0\u8282</a>\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5347\u7ea7\u540e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53e6\u89c1<a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/11/functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-COLLATION\" title=\"\u8868\u00a09.86.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ba1\u7406\u51fd\u6570\"><code class=\"function\">pg_import_system_collations()</code></a>\uff09\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.7.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.2.\u00a0ICU collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u9664\u4e86 <code class=\"command\">initdb</code> \u9884\u88c5\u8f7d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ec4\u5408\u5916\uff0cICU \u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b9a\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u4f7f\u6392\u5e8f\u884c\u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5173\u4e8e ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/locale/\" target=\"_top\">https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/locale/</a>\u548c<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/collation/api.html\" target=\"_top\">https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/collation/api.html</a>\u3002\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u96c6\u5408\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684 ICU \u7248\u672c\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"de-u-co-phonebk-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'de-u-co-phonebk');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"de-u-co-phonebk-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'de@collation=phonebook');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7535\u8bdd\u7c3f\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528 BCP 47 \u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u7b7e\u201d\u9009\u62e9 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 ICU \u4e13\u7528\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u4eca\u540e\u63a8\u8350\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u8f83\u65e7\u7684 ICU \u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5b83\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 SQL \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\u4efb\u610f\u547d\u540d\u3002\u672c\u4f8b\u9075\u5faa\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u547d\u540d\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u8be5\u98ce\u683c\u4e5f\u9075\u5faa BCP 47\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5982\u6b64\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"und-u-co-emoji-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'und-u-co-emoji');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"und-u-co-emoji-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = '@collation=emoji');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6839\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8868\u60c5\u7b26\u53f7\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 #51</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u6839\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION latinlast (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kr-grek-latn');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION latinlast (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colReorder=grek-latn');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5c06\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION upperfirst (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kf-upper');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION upperfirst (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colCaseFirst=upper');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5c06\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u5728\u524d\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION special (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kf-upper-kr-grek-latn');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION special (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colCaseFirst=upper;colReorder=grek-latn');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION numeric (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kn-true');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION numeric (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colNumeric=yes');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6570\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6309\u6570\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code class=\"literal\">A-21</code> &lt; <code class=\"literal\">A-123</code>\uff08\u4e5f\u79f0\u81ea\u7136\u6392\u5e8f\uff09\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"http://unicode.org/reports/tr35/tr35-collation.html\" target=\"_top\">Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 #35</a>\u548c<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47\" target=\"_top\">BCP 47</a>\u4e86\u89e3\u8be6\u60c5\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\u5217\u8868\uff08<code class=\"literal\">co</code>\u5b50\u6807\u7b7e\uff09\u53ef\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u627e\u5230\uff1a<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://github.com/unicode-org/cldr/blob/master/common/bcp47/collation.xml\" target=\"_top\">CLDR \u4ed3\u5e93</a>\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199</span>\u201d</span>\u6216<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u5ffd\u7565\u91cd\u97f3</span>\u201d</span>\u7b49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 <code class=\"literal\">ks</code> \u952e\uff09\uff0c\u4f46 PostgreSQL \u76ee\u524d\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u771f\u6b63\u4ee5\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6216\u91cd\u97f3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6309\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u7b49\u3001\u4f46\u5b57\u8282\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4ecd\u4f1a\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"note\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">ICU \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5141\u8bb8\u63a5\u53d7\u51e0\u4e4e\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u5176\u6587\u6863\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u56de\u9000\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u5230\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5f53\u524d ICU \u5b89\u88c5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u76f4\u63a5\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5efa\u8bae\u521b\u5efa\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"COLLATION-COPY\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.3.\u00a0Copying Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u547d\u4ee4<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/11/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ee5\u66f4\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6765\u4f7f\u7528 ICU \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION german FROM \"de_DE\";\nCREATE COLLATION french FROM \"fr-x-icu\";\n</pre>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>", "manual_path": "/docs/11/collation.html", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/11/collation.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "658e08b45afe49a030a4bd8351bdcc1925aed8378a09641468dde3c9046c0e6d", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#COLLATION/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[1]/dl[0]/dt[0]", "#COLLATION/div[1]/dl[0]/dt[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[0]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[2]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[11]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[13]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[15]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[17]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[19]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[21]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[22]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[24]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[26]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[5]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[7]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[6]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dt[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[11]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[7]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[6]/h3[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[6]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/p[3]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/11/description/0": "standard C collation", "/versions/11/facts/0/label": "Collname", "/versions/11/facts/1/label": "Collprovider", "/versions/11/facts/2/label": "Collencoding", "/versions/11/facts/3/label": "Collcollate", "/versions/11/facts/4/label": "Collctype", "/versions/11/facts/5/label": "Collversion", "/versions/11/related/0/label": "libc provider"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "8ebb576f8fad29ae3c391bdd629f7e23b004813075dc2ec70f225d522c819c95"}, "comparison_data": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c"}, "comparison_hash": "b3ca9ae74776f95caa112a8a3fe77dd394ffe6ef835c2f5529fcdc054238f63a", "manual_language": "zh"}, "12": {"facts": [{"label": "\u662f\u5426\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\uff08collisdeterministic\uff09", "value": "t"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff08collname\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff08collprovider\uff09", "value": "c"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\uff08collencoding\uff09", "value": "-1"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collcollate\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collctype\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u7248\u672c\uff08collversion\uff09", "value": "_null_"}], "tables": [], "aliases": [], "catalog": {"oid": "950", "descr": "standard C collation", "collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collowner": "PGUID", "oid_symbol": "C_COLLATION_OID", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collnamespace": "PGNSP", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "related": [{"url": "/wiki/locale/provider-libc/?v=12", "label": "libc \u63d0\u4f9b\u8005"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v12.22/postgresql-12.22.tar.bz2", "label": "12.22", "major": "12", "channel": "historical", "revision": "8df3c0474782589d3c6f374b5133b1bd14d168086edbc13c6e72e67dd4527a3b", "source_sha256": "8df3c0474782589d3c6f374b5133b1bd14d168086edbc13c6e72e67dd4527a3b", "catalog_fingerprint": "9f857f4ee4875f9c7de6bfc9df4b757dec8b3a0bb88eadb519c7bd267bd56149"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v12.22/postgresql-12.22.tar.bz2", "label": "Matching PostgreSQL source archive", "sha256": "8df3c0474782589d3c6f374b5133b1bd14d168086edbc13c6e72e67dd4527a3b"}, {"url": "https://pg.center/docs/12/collation.html", "path": "collation.html", "label": "PostgreSQL 12 English manual", "sha256": "4350f1c8cce4d867bfd13b18912854ef0f70968a484123e54d860b621c391545", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/12/collation.html"}], "sections": [], "signature": "", "attributes": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "source_oid": "950", "description": ["\u6807\u51c6 C \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219"], "manual_html": "<div class=\"sect1\" id=\"COLLATION\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"title\" style=\"clear: both\">23.2.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u652f\u6301 </h2>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h2>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7279\u6027\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u751a\u81f3\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u7f13\u89e3\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e4b\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u66f4\u6539\u8fd9\u4e00\u9650\u5236\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect2\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"sect2\"><a href=\"/docs/12/collation.html#id-1.6.10.4.4\">23.2.1. \u6982\u5ff5</a></span></h3>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\uff08\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec<code class=\"type\">text</code>\u3001<code class=\"type\">varchar</code>\u548c<code class=\"type\">char</code>\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7c7b\u578b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u57df\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\uff09\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5217\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u5217\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5e38\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u5176\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u5e38\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5219\u6309\u4e0b\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u5176\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u9ed8\u8ba4</span>\u201d</span>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u987b\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4f8b\u5982\u53d1\u751f\u5728<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\uff08\u5982 <code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u6392\u5e8f\u952e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5219\u6309\u4e0b\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982<code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\uff09\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca<code class=\"function\">to_char</code> \u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u53c2\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u65f6\u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u5df2\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u5916\u56f4\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684<em class=\"firstterm\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f</em>\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u533a\u522b\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"literal\">COLLATE</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\u90fd\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u7ec4\u5408\u591a\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"orderedlist\">\n<ol class=\"orderedlist\">\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5177\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n</li>\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n</li>\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u4e92\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u7ec4\u5408\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u9664\u975e\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u629b\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u3002</p>\n</li>\n</ol>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE TABLE test1 (\n    a text COLLATE \"de_DE\",\n    b text COLLATE \"es_ES\",\n    ...\n);\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u90a3\u4e48\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; 'foo' FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f1a\u6309<code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f46\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; ('foo' COLLATE \"fr_FR\") FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f1a\u6309<code class=\"literal\">fr_FR</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u9690\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u5e94\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<code class=\"structfield\">a</code>\u5217\u548c<code class=\"structfield\">b</code>\u5217\u5177\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u7531\u4e8e <code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed9\u4efb\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9644\u52a0\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; b COLLATE \"de_DE\" FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6216\u8005\u7b49\u4ef7\u5730\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a COLLATE \"de_DE\" &lt; b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a || b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<code class=\"literal\">||</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a\u65e0\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u76f8\u540c\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7ec4\u5408\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || 'foo';\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u5c06\u6309<code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || b;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5373\u4f7f<code class=\"literal\">||</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u3002\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || b COLLATE \"fr_FR\";\n</pre>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect2\" id=\"COLLATION-MANAGING\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"sect2\"><a href=\"/docs/12/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING\">23.2.2. \u7ba1\u7406\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219</a></span></h3>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a SQL \u6a21\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u67d0\u4e2a SQL \u540d\u79f0\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a<em class=\"firstterm\">\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f</em>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7531\u54ea\u4e2a\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf C \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e5f\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f<code class=\"literal\">icu</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u90e8 ICU<a class=\"indexterm\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.2.4\" name=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.2.4\"></a>\u5e93\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6784\u5efa PostgreSQL\u65f6\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e93\u8c03\u7528<code class=\"literal\">setlocale()</code>\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\u3002\uff08\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u63a7\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u7684 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u8ba9 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u628a\u4e8c\u8005\u5f52\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6bd4\u518d\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u7684\u673a\u5236\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\uff09\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8fd8\u4e0e\u67d0\u79cd\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7f16\u7801\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff08\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/12/multibyte.html\" title=\"23.3.\u00a0\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u652f\u6301\">\u7b2c\u00a023.3\u00a0\u8282</a>\uff09\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">icu</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e ICU \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5177\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u5668\u3002ICU \u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5c06<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">collate</span>\u201d</span>\u548c<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">ctype</span>\u201d</span>\u5206\u5f00\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e8c\u8005\u603b\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u540d\u79f0\u7684 ICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u59cb\u7ec8\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.1.\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6240\u6709\u5e73\u53f0\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u540d\u4e3a <code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">C</code> \u548c <code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002<code class=\"literal\">default</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9009\u62e9\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code> \u548c <code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u503c\u3002<code class=\"literal\">C</code> \u548c <code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u91c7\u7528<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u4f20\u7edf C</span>\u201d</span>\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ec5\u5c06 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">A</code></span>\u201d</span>\u5230<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">Z</code></span>\u201d</span>\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e25\u683c\u6309\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6b64\u5916\uff0cUTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 ucs_basic\u3002\u5b83\u4e0e C \u7b49\u4ef7\uff0c\u6309 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.6\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.2.\u00a0\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08<code class=\"function\">newlocale</code> \u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u7c07\u65f6\uff0c<code class=\"command\">initdb</code>\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u586b\u5145\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u5f55<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u67e5\u8be2<code class=\"literal\">SELECT * FROM pg_collation</code>\uff0c\u6216\u5728<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<code class=\"command\">\\dOS+</code>\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.6.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.2.1.\u00a0libc Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u540d\u4e3a de_DE.utf8 \u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002initdb \u4f1a\u4e3a UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u540c\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06 LC_COLLATE \u4e0e LC_CTYPE \u5747\u8bbe\u4e3a de_DE.utf8\uff1b\u8fd8\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53bb\u6389 .utf8 \u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u7b80\u77ed\u3001\u8f83\u5c11\u4f9d\u8d56\u7f16\u7801\u540d\u79f0\u7684 de_DE\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u96c6\u5408\u4ecd\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e73\u53f0\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<code class=\"literal\">locale -a</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u51fa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u67d0\u4e2a<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u5176<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code> \u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u53d6\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u53c8\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/12/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/12/functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-COLLATION\" title=\"\u8868\u00a09.91.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ba1\u7406\u51fd\u6570\"><code class=\"function\">pg_import_system_collations()</code></a> \u51fd\u6570\u6279\u91cf\u5bfc\u5165\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u624d\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u76ee\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u50cf <code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u8fd9\u6837\u53bb\u6389\u7f16\u7801\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5e76\u4e0d\u552f\u4e00\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u51b3\u5b9a\u6539\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6539\u52a8\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4f1a\u66f4\u5c11\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u53d7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u5373\u4f7f\u9762\u5bf9\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a COLLATE \"C\" &lt; b COLLATE \"POSIX\" FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5373\u4f7f<code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u6df7\u7528\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u7f00\u548c\u4fdd\u7559\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.6.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.2.2.\u00a0ICU Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e ICU\uff0c\u679a\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\u79f0\u5e76\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u3002ICU \u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed9\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u540d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdc\u591a\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<code class=\"command\">initdb</code>\u4f7f\u7528 ICU API \u63d0\u53d6\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u586b\u5145\u521d\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u7531 ICU \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5728 SQL \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u540d\u79f0\u91c7\u7528 BCP 47 \u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u7b7e\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u52a0<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u79c1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528</span>\u201d</span>\u6269\u5c55 <code class=\"literal\">-x-icu</code>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e0e libc \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">de-x-icu</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d8\u4f53</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">de-AT-x-icu</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5965\u5730\u5229\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d8\u4f53</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\uff08\u8fd8\u6709\u4f8b\u5982<code class=\"literal\">de-DE-x-icu</code>\u6216<code class=\"literal\">de-CH-x-icu</code>\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u64b0\u5199\u672c\u6587\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">de-x-icu</code>\u7b49\u4ef7\u3002\uff09</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">und-x-icu</code>\uff08\u8868\u793a<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49</span>\u201d</span>\uff09</span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>ICU<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u6839</span>\u201d</span>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u5b83\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u79cd\u8f83\u4e3a\u5408\u7406\u3001\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u67d0\u4e9b\uff08\u8f83\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff09\u7f16\u7801\u4e0d\u53d7 ICU \u652f\u6301\u3002\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u4e2d\u7684 ICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6761\u76ee\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u62a5\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">collation \"de-x-icu\" for encoding \"WIN874\" does not exist</span>\u201d</span>\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-CREATE\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 SQL \u547d\u4ee4<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/12/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f <code class=\"literal\">pg_catalog</code>\u4e2d\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5e94\u5f53\u521b\u5efa\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab<code class=\"command\">pg_dump</code>\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.7.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.1.\u00a0libc Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u65b0\u7684 libc \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u521b\u5efa\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION german (provider = libc, locale = 'de_DE');\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d<code class=\"literal\">locale</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u786e\u5207\u503c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u7c7b Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4<code class=\"literal\">locale -a</code>\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531\u4e8e\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 libc \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f8b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u5de5\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5305\u62ec\u5e0c\u671b\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53e6\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/12/collation.html#COLLATION-COPY\" title=\"23.2.2.3.3.\u00a0\u590d\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\">\u7b2c\u00a023.2.2.3.3\u00a0\u8282</a>\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5347\u7ea7\u540e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53e6\u89c1<a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/12/functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-COLLATION\" title=\"\u8868\u00a09.91.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ba1\u7406\u51fd\u6570\"><code class=\"function\">pg_import_system_collations()</code></a>\uff09\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.7.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.2.\u00a0ICU Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u9664\u4e86 <code class=\"command\">initdb</code> \u9884\u88c5\u8f7d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ec4\u5408\u5916\uff0cICU \u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b9a\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u4f7f\u6392\u5e8f\u884c\u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5173\u4e8e ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/locale/\" target=\"_top\">https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/locale/</a>\u548c<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/collation/api.html\" target=\"_top\">https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/collation/api.html</a>\u3002\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u96c6\u5408\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684 ICU \u7248\u672c\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"de-u-co-phonebk-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'de-u-co-phonebk');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"de-u-co-phonebk-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'de@collation=phonebook');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7535\u8bdd\u7c3f\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528 BCP 47 \u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u7b7e\u201d\u9009\u62e9 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 ICU \u4e13\u7528\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u4eca\u540e\u63a8\u8350\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u8f83\u65e7\u7684 ICU \u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5b83\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 SQL \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\u4efb\u610f\u547d\u540d\u3002\u672c\u4f8b\u9075\u5faa\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u547d\u540d\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u8be5\u98ce\u683c\u4e5f\u9075\u5faa BCP 47\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5982\u6b64\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"und-u-co-emoji-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'und-u-co-emoji');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"und-u-co-emoji-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = '@collation=emoji');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6839\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8868\u60c5\u7b26\u53f7\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 #51</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u6839\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION latinlast (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kr-grek-latn');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION latinlast (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colReorder=grek-latn');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5c06\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION upperfirst (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kf-upper');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION upperfirst (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colCaseFirst=upper');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5c06\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u5728\u524d\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION special (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kf-upper-kr-grek-latn');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION special (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colCaseFirst=upper;colReorder=grek-latn');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION numeric (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kn-true');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION numeric (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colNumeric=yes');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6570\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6309\u6570\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code class=\"literal\">A-21</code> &lt; <code class=\"literal\">A-123</code>\uff08\u4e5f\u79f0\u81ea\u7136\u6392\u5e8f\uff09\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"http://unicode.org/reports/tr35/tr35-collation.html\" target=\"_top\">Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 #35</a>\u548c<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47\" target=\"_top\">BCP 47</a>\u4e86\u89e3\u8be6\u60c5\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\u5217\u8868\uff08<code class=\"literal\">co</code>\u5b50\u6807\u7b7e\uff09\u53ef\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u627e\u5230\uff1a<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://github.com/unicode-org/cldr/blob/master/common/bcp47/collation.xml\" target=\"_top\">CLDR \u4ed3\u5e93</a>\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199</span>\u201d</span>\u6216<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u5ffd\u7565\u91cd\u97f3</span>\u201d</span>\u7b49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 <code class=\"literal\">ks</code> \u952e\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u771f\u6b63\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6216\u91cd\u97f3\uff0c\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u5728 <code class=\"command\">CREATE COLLATION</code> \u4e2d\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a\u975e<em class=\"firstterm\">\u786e\u5b9a\u6027</em>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/12/collation.html#COLLATION-NONDETERMINISTIC\" title=\"23.2.2.4.\u00a0\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\">\u7b2c\u00a023.2.2.4\u00a0\u8282</a>\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u6309\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u7b49\u3001\u4f46\u5b57\u8282\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4ecd\u4f1a\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"note\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">ICU \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5141\u8bb8\u63a5\u53d7\u51e0\u4e4e\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u5176\u6587\u6863\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u56de\u9000\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u5230\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5f53\u524d ICU \u5b89\u88c5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u76f4\u63a5\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5efa\u8bae\u521b\u5efa\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"COLLATION-COPY\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.3.\u00a0Copying Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u547d\u4ee4<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/12/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ee5\u66f4\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6765\u4f7f\u7528 ICU \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION german FROM \"de_DE\";\nCREATE COLLATION french FROM \"fr-x-icu\";\n</pre>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-NONDETERMINISTIC\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.4.\u00a0\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5206\u4e3a\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u4e24\u7c7b\u3002\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\u624d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u76f8\u7b49\uff1b\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u5b57\u8282\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5224\u4e3a\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u3001\u5ffd\u7565\u91cd\u97f3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u540c Unicode \u89c4\u8303\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5ffd\u7565\u89c4\u5219\u7531\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1bdeterministic \u6807\u5fd7\u4ec5\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u9010\u5b57\u8282\u6bd4\u8f83\u6765\u6253\u7834\u5e73\u5c40\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u672f\u8bed\u53e6\u89c1 Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 10\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u5728 CREATE COLLATION \u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a deterministic = false\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION ndcoll (provider = icu, locale = 'und', deterministic = false);\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4f1a\u4ee5\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u7279\u522b\u5730\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u5219\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u4e0a\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684 ICU \u5b9a\u5236\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION case_insensitive (provider = icu, locale = 'und-u-ks-level2', deterministic = false);\nCREATE COLLATION ignore_accents (provider = icu, locale = 'und-u-ks-level1-kc-true', deterministic = false);\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6240\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u3002\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u66f4\u4e3a<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u6b63\u786e</span>\u201d</span>\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u8003\u8651\u5230 Unicode \u7684\u5168\u90e8\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u5176\u4f17\u591a\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u635f\u5931\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u5e94\u5728\u660e\u786e\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>", "manual_path": "/docs/12/collation.html", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/12/collation.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "2e9902327669ff553e36540c00585b205fe25a25d5669f40d21e03ee58801cea", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#COLLATION/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[1]/dl[0]/dt[0]", "#COLLATION/div[1]/dl[0]/dt[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[0]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[2]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[11]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[13]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[15]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[17]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[19]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[21]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[22]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[24]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[26]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[5]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[7]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[6]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dt[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[11]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[7]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[6]/h3[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[6]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/p[6]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/p[3]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/12/description/0": "standard C collation", "/versions/12/facts/0/label": "Collisdeterministic", "/versions/12/facts/1/label": "Collname", "/versions/12/facts/2/label": "Collprovider", "/versions/12/facts/3/label": "Collencoding", "/versions/12/facts/4/label": "Collcollate", "/versions/12/facts/5/label": "Collctype", "/versions/12/facts/6/label": "Collversion", "/versions/12/related/0/label": "libc provider"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "8a15403af656dcf218fdce3d5aaf8e7a677421ebc7f047d0755db46f5ad70d19"}, "comparison_data": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "comparison_hash": "5c68f64ab32558fe7b1dcecb7f7d224b92940324a0e2e845d4aa80c070404935", "manual_language": "zh"}, "13": {"facts": [{"label": "\u662f\u5426\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\uff08collisdeterministic\uff09", "value": "t"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff08collname\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff08collprovider\uff09", "value": "c"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\uff08collencoding\uff09", "value": "-1"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collcollate\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collctype\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u7248\u672c\uff08collversion\uff09", "value": "_null_"}], "tables": [], "aliases": [], "catalog": {"oid": "950", "descr": "standard C collation", "collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collowner": "PGUID", "oid_symbol": "C_COLLATION_OID", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collnamespace": "PGNSP", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "related": [{"url": "/wiki/locale/provider-libc/?v=13", "label": "libc \u63d0\u4f9b\u8005"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v13.23/postgresql-13.23.tar.bz2", "label": "13.23", "major": "13", "channel": "historical", "revision": "6ec3c82726af92b7dec873fa1cdf881eca92a4219787dfad05acb6b10e041fd6", "source_sha256": "6ec3c82726af92b7dec873fa1cdf881eca92a4219787dfad05acb6b10e041fd6", "catalog_fingerprint": "c7015c845255c9d721c547c8ab9ef37825d332588c9691d982e6906b7d571002"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v13.23/postgresql-13.23.tar.bz2", "label": "Matching PostgreSQL source archive", "sha256": "6ec3c82726af92b7dec873fa1cdf881eca92a4219787dfad05acb6b10e041fd6"}, {"url": "https://pg.center/docs/13/collation.html", "path": "collation.html", "label": "PostgreSQL 13 English manual", "sha256": "330451707b1937dfcc7305bf7ca3002ea2ff207a12645dbaee16e95ad5de6b86", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/13/collation.html"}], "sections": [], "signature": "", "attributes": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "source_oid": "950", "description": ["\u6807\u51c6 C \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219"], "manual_html": "<div class=\"sect1\" id=\"COLLATION\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"title\" style=\"clear: both\">23.2.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u652f\u6301 </h2>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h2>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7279\u6027\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u751a\u81f3\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u7f13\u89e3\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e4b\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u66f4\u6539\u8fd9\u4e00\u9650\u5236\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect2\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"sect2\"><a href=\"/docs/13/collation.html#id-1.6.10.4.4\">23.2.1. \u6982\u5ff5</a></span></h3>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\uff08\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec<code class=\"type\">text</code>\u3001<code class=\"type\">varchar</code>\u548c<code class=\"type\">char</code>\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7c7b\u578b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u57df\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\uff09\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5217\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u5217\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5e38\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u5176\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u5e38\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5219\u6309\u4e0b\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u5176\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u9ed8\u8ba4</span>\u201d</span>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u987b\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4f8b\u5982\u53d1\u751f\u5728<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\uff08\u5982 <code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u6392\u5e8f\u952e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5219\u6309\u4e0b\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982<code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\uff09\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca<code class=\"function\">to_char</code> \u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u53c2\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u65f6\u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u5df2\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u5916\u56f4\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684<em class=\"firstterm\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f</em>\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u533a\u522b\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"literal\">COLLATE</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\u90fd\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u7ec4\u5408\u591a\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"orderedlist\">\n<ol class=\"orderedlist\">\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5177\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n</li>\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n</li>\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u4e92\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u7ec4\u5408\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u9664\u975e\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u629b\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u3002</p>\n</li>\n</ol>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE TABLE test1 (\n    a text COLLATE \"de_DE\",\n    b text COLLATE \"es_ES\",\n    ...\n);\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u90a3\u4e48\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; 'foo' FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f1a\u6309<code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f46\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; ('foo' COLLATE \"fr_FR\") FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f1a\u6309<code class=\"literal\">fr_FR</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u9690\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u5e94\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<code class=\"structfield\">a</code>\u5217\u548c<code class=\"structfield\">b</code>\u5217\u5177\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u7531\u4e8e <code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed9\u4efb\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9644\u52a0\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; b COLLATE \"de_DE\" FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6216\u8005\u7b49\u4ef7\u5730\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a COLLATE \"de_DE\" &lt; b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a || b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<code class=\"literal\">||</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a\u65e0\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u76f8\u540c\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7ec4\u5408\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || 'foo';\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u5c06\u6309<code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || b;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5373\u4f7f<code class=\"literal\">||</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u3002\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || b COLLATE \"fr_FR\";\n</pre>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect2\" id=\"COLLATION-MANAGING\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"sect2\"><a href=\"/docs/13/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING\">23.2.2. \u7ba1\u7406\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219</a></span></h3>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a SQL \u6a21\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u67d0\u4e2a SQL \u540d\u79f0\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a<em class=\"firstterm\">\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f</em>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7531\u54ea\u4e2a\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf C \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e5f\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f<code class=\"literal\">icu</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u90e8 ICU<a class=\"indexterm\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.2.4\" name=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.2.4\"></a>\u5e93\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6784\u5efa PostgreSQL\u65f6\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e93\u8c03\u7528<code class=\"literal\">setlocale()</code>\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\u3002\uff08\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u63a7\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u7684 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u8ba9 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u628a\u4e8c\u8005\u5f52\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6bd4\u518d\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u7684\u673a\u5236\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\uff09\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8fd8\u4e0e\u67d0\u79cd\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7f16\u7801\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff08\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/13/multibyte.html\" title=\"23.3.\u00a0\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u652f\u6301\">\u7b2c\u00a023.3\u00a0\u8282</a>\uff09\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">icu</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e ICU \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5177\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u5668\u3002ICU \u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5c06<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">collate</span>\u201d</span>\u548c<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">ctype</span>\u201d</span>\u5206\u5f00\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e8c\u8005\u603b\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u540d\u79f0\u7684 ICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u59cb\u7ec8\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.1.\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6240\u6709\u5e73\u53f0\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u540d\u4e3a <code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">C</code> \u548c <code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002<code class=\"literal\">default</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9009\u62e9\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code> \u548c <code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u503c\u3002<code class=\"literal\">C</code> \u548c <code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u91c7\u7528<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u4f20\u7edf C</span>\u201d</span>\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ec5\u5c06 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">A</code></span>\u201d</span>\u5230<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">Z</code></span>\u201d</span>\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e25\u683c\u6309\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6b64\u5916\uff0cUTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 ucs_basic\u3002\u5b83\u4e0e C \u7b49\u4ef7\uff0c\u6309 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.6\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.2.\u00a0\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08<code class=\"function\">newlocale</code> \u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u7c07\u65f6\uff0c<code class=\"command\">initdb</code>\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u586b\u5145\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u5f55<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u67e5\u8be2<code class=\"literal\">SELECT * FROM pg_collation</code>\uff0c\u6216\u5728<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<code class=\"command\">\\dOS+</code>\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.6.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.2.1.\u00a0libc Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u540d\u4e3a de_DE.utf8 \u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002initdb \u4f1a\u4e3a UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u540c\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06 LC_COLLATE \u4e0e LC_CTYPE \u5747\u8bbe\u4e3a de_DE.utf8\uff1b\u8fd8\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53bb\u6389 .utf8 \u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u7b80\u77ed\u3001\u8f83\u5c11\u4f9d\u8d56\u7f16\u7801\u540d\u79f0\u7684 de_DE\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u96c6\u5408\u4ecd\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e73\u53f0\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<code class=\"literal\">locale -a</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u51fa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u67d0\u4e2a<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u5176<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code> \u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u53d6\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u53c8\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/13/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/13/functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-COLLATION\" title=\"\u8868\u00a09.92.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ba1\u7406\u51fd\u6570\"><code class=\"function\">pg_import_system_collations()</code></a> \u51fd\u6570\u6279\u91cf\u5bfc\u5165\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u624d\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u76ee\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u50cf <code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u8fd9\u6837\u53bb\u6389\u7f16\u7801\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5e76\u4e0d\u552f\u4e00\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u51b3\u5b9a\u6539\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6539\u52a8\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4f1a\u66f4\u5c11\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u53d7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u5373\u4f7f\u9762\u5bf9\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a COLLATE \"C\" &lt; b COLLATE \"POSIX\" FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5373\u4f7f<code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u6df7\u7528\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u7f00\u548c\u4fdd\u7559\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.6.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.2.2.\u00a0ICU Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e ICU\uff0c\u679a\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\u79f0\u5e76\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u3002ICU \u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed9\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u540d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdc\u591a\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<code class=\"command\">initdb</code>\u4f7f\u7528 ICU API \u63d0\u53d6\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u586b\u5145\u521d\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u7531 ICU \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5728 SQL \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u540d\u79f0\u91c7\u7528 BCP 47 \u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u7b7e\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u52a0<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u79c1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528</span>\u201d</span>\u6269\u5c55 <code class=\"literal\">-x-icu</code>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e0e libc \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">de-x-icu</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d8\u4f53</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">de-AT-x-icu</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5965\u5730\u5229\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d8\u4f53</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\uff08\u8fd8\u6709\u4f8b\u5982<code class=\"literal\">de-DE-x-icu</code>\u6216<code class=\"literal\">de-CH-x-icu</code>\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u64b0\u5199\u672c\u6587\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">de-x-icu</code>\u7b49\u4ef7\u3002\uff09</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">und-x-icu</code>\uff08\u8868\u793a<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49</span>\u201d</span>\uff09</span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>ICU<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u6839</span>\u201d</span>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u5b83\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u79cd\u8f83\u4e3a\u5408\u7406\u3001\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u67d0\u4e9b\uff08\u8f83\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff09\u7f16\u7801\u4e0d\u53d7 ICU \u652f\u6301\u3002\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u4e2d\u7684 ICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6761\u76ee\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u62a5\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">collation \"de-x-icu\" for encoding \"WIN874\" does not exist</span>\u201d</span>\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-CREATE\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 SQL \u547d\u4ee4<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/13/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f <code class=\"literal\">pg_catalog</code>\u4e2d\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5e94\u5f53\u521b\u5efa\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab<code class=\"command\">pg_dump</code>\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.7.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.1.\u00a0libc Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u65b0\u7684 libc \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u521b\u5efa\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION german (provider = libc, locale = 'de_DE');\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d<code class=\"literal\">locale</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u786e\u5207\u503c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u7c7b Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4<code class=\"literal\">locale -a</code>\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531\u4e8e\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 libc \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f8b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u5de5\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5305\u62ec\u5e0c\u671b\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53e6\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/13/collation.html#COLLATION-COPY\" title=\"23.2.2.3.3.\u00a0\u590d\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\">\u7b2c\u00a023.2.2.3.3\u00a0\u8282</a>\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5347\u7ea7\u540e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53e6\u89c1<a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/13/functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-COLLATION\" title=\"\u8868\u00a09.92.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ba1\u7406\u51fd\u6570\"><code class=\"function\">pg_import_system_collations()</code></a>\uff09\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.10.4.5.7.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.2.\u00a0ICU Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u9664\u4e86 <code class=\"command\">initdb</code> \u9884\u88c5\u8f7d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ec4\u5408\u5916\uff0cICU \u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b9a\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u4f7f\u6392\u5e8f\u884c\u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5173\u4e8e ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/locale/\" target=\"_top\">https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/locale/</a>\u548c<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/collation/api.html\" target=\"_top\">https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/collation/api.html</a>\u3002\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u96c6\u5408\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684 ICU \u7248\u672c\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"de-u-co-phonebk-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'de-u-co-phonebk');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"de-u-co-phonebk-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'de@collation=phonebook');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7535\u8bdd\u7c3f\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528 BCP 47 \u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u7b7e\u201d\u9009\u62e9 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 ICU \u4e13\u7528\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u4eca\u540e\u63a8\u8350\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u8f83\u65e7\u7684 ICU \u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5b83\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 SQL \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\u4efb\u610f\u547d\u540d\u3002\u672c\u4f8b\u9075\u5faa\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u547d\u540d\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u8be5\u98ce\u683c\u4e5f\u9075\u5faa BCP 47\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5982\u6b64\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"und-u-co-emoji-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'und-u-co-emoji');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"und-u-co-emoji-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = '@collation=emoji');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6839\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8868\u60c5\u7b26\u53f7\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 #51</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u6839\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION latinlast (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kr-grek-latn');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION latinlast (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colReorder=grek-latn');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5c06\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION upperfirst (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kf-upper');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION upperfirst (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colCaseFirst=upper');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5c06\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u5728\u524d\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION special (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kf-upper-kr-grek-latn');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION special (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colCaseFirst=upper;colReorder=grek-latn');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION numeric (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kn-true');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION numeric (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colNumeric=yes');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6570\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6309\u6570\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code class=\"literal\">A-21</code> &lt; <code class=\"literal\">A-123</code>\uff08\u4e5f\u79f0\u81ea\u7136\u6392\u5e8f\uff09\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/tr35-collation.html\" target=\"_top\">Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 #35</a>\u548c<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47\" target=\"_top\">BCP 47</a>\u4e86\u89e3\u8be6\u60c5\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\u5217\u8868\uff08<code class=\"literal\">co</code>\u5b50\u6807\u7b7e\uff09\u53ef\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u627e\u5230\uff1a<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://github.com/unicode-org/cldr/blob/master/common/bcp47/collation.xml\" target=\"_top\">CLDR \u4ed3\u5e93</a>\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199</span>\u201d</span>\u6216<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u5ffd\u7565\u91cd\u97f3</span>\u201d</span>\u7b49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 <code class=\"literal\">ks</code> \u952e\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u771f\u6b63\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6216\u91cd\u97f3\uff0c\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u5728 <code class=\"command\">CREATE COLLATION</code> \u4e2d\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a\u975e<em class=\"firstterm\">\u786e\u5b9a\u6027</em>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/13/collation.html#COLLATION-NONDETERMINISTIC\" title=\"23.2.2.4.\u00a0\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\">\u7b2c\u00a023.2.2.4\u00a0\u8282</a>\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u6309\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u7b49\u3001\u4f46\u5b57\u8282\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4ecd\u4f1a\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"note\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">ICU \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5141\u8bb8\u63a5\u53d7\u51e0\u4e4e\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u5176\u6587\u6863\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u56de\u9000\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u5230\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5f53\u524d ICU \u5b89\u88c5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u76f4\u63a5\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5efa\u8bae\u521b\u5efa\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"COLLATION-COPY\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">23.2.2.3.3.\u00a0Copying Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u547d\u4ee4<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/13/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ee5\u66f4\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6765\u4f7f\u7528 ICU \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION german FROM \"de_DE\";\nCREATE COLLATION french FROM \"fr-x-icu\";\n</pre>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-NONDETERMINISTIC\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.4.\u00a0\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5206\u4e3a\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u4e24\u7c7b\u3002\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\u624d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u76f8\u7b49\uff1b\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u5b57\u8282\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5224\u4e3a\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u3001\u5ffd\u7565\u91cd\u97f3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u540c Unicode \u89c4\u8303\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5ffd\u7565\u89c4\u5219\u7531\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1bdeterministic \u6807\u5fd7\u4ec5\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u9010\u5b57\u8282\u6bd4\u8f83\u6765\u6253\u7834\u5e73\u5c40\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u672f\u8bed\u53e6\u89c1 Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 10\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u5728 CREATE COLLATION \u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a deterministic = false\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION ndcoll (provider = icu, locale = 'und', deterministic = false);\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4f1a\u4ee5\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u7279\u522b\u5730\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u5219\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u4e0a\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684 ICU \u5b9a\u5236\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION case_insensitive (provider = icu, locale = 'und-u-ks-level2', deterministic = false);\nCREATE COLLATION ignore_accents (provider = icu, locale = 'und-u-ks-level1-kc-true', deterministic = false);\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6240\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u3002\u867d\u7136\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u6b63\u786e</span>\u201d</span>\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u8003\u8651 Unicode \u7684\u5168\u90e8\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u5176\u4f17\u591a\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u5931\u3002\u7279\u522b\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cB-\u6811\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4f7f\u7528\u53bb\u91cd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u5bf9\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u624d\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u82e5\u8981\u5904\u7406\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c Unicode \u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 <code class=\"function\">normalize</code>\u51fd\u6570\u548c<code class=\"literal\">is normalized</code> \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6216\u68c0\u67e5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u8861\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>", "manual_path": "/docs/13/collation.html", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/13/collation.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "d6e1ea4f0ef4f4b2629cd14a15b16157a20877797dd9697d0de7285502903ff4", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#COLLATION/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[1]/dl[0]/dt[0]", "#COLLATION/div[1]/dl[0]/dt[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[0]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[2]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[11]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[13]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[15]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[17]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[19]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[21]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[22]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[24]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[26]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[5]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[7]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[6]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dt[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[11]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[7]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[6]/h3[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[6]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/div[7]/h3[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/div[7]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/p[6]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/p[3]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/13/description/0": "standard C collation", "/versions/13/facts/0/label": "Collisdeterministic", "/versions/13/facts/1/label": "Collname", "/versions/13/facts/2/label": "Collprovider", "/versions/13/facts/3/label": "Collencoding", "/versions/13/facts/4/label": "Collcollate", "/versions/13/facts/5/label": "Collctype", "/versions/13/facts/6/label": "Collversion", "/versions/13/related/0/label": "libc provider"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "e72ce5e8bfd30122bdb2c1daf446d893b4586f998a81f7a0b34cae10077962d6"}, "comparison_data": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "comparison_hash": "5c68f64ab32558fe7b1dcecb7f7d224b92940324a0e2e845d4aa80c070404935", "manual_language": "zh"}, "14": {"facts": [{"label": "\u662f\u5426\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\uff08collisdeterministic\uff09", "value": "t"}, {"label": "\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u7248\u672c\uff08collversion\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff08collname\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff08collprovider\uff09", "value": "c"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\uff08collencoding\uff09", "value": "-1"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collcollate\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collctype\uff09", "value": "C"}], "tables": [], "aliases": [], "catalog": {"oid": "950", "descr": "standard C collation", "collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collowner": "POSTGRES", "oid_symbol": "C_COLLATION_OID", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collnamespace": "pg_catalog", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "related": [{"url": "/wiki/locale/provider-libc/?v=14", "label": "libc \u63d0\u4f9b\u8005"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v14.24/postgresql-14.24.tar.bz2", "label": "14.24", "major": "14", "channel": "stable", "revision": "a7fa7ed3d558172355f51406097a7bd4f6b473be80f311ef7cda96bf383d8897", "source_sha256": "a7fa7ed3d558172355f51406097a7bd4f6b473be80f311ef7cda96bf383d8897", "catalog_fingerprint": "b272e6a82e4c46efda81c3a6a4cdf7de6a83dfff7f02f226a392fbe9acdd3adb"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v14.24/postgresql-14.24.tar.bz2", "label": "Matching PostgreSQL source archive", "sha256": "a7fa7ed3d558172355f51406097a7bd4f6b473be80f311ef7cda96bf383d8897"}, {"url": "https://pg.center/docs/14/collation.html", "path": "collation.html", "label": "PostgreSQL 14 English manual", "sha256": "13badc93105bf28582ca20db73960a67eb67d6a2c52fd0c50c31a1ab94ffc0a3", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/14/collation.html"}], "sections": [], "signature": "", "attributes": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "source_oid": "950", "description": ["\u6807\u51c6 C \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219"], "manual_html": "<div class=\"sect1\" id=\"COLLATION\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"title\" style=\"clear: both\">24.2.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u652f\u6301 </h2>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h2>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7279\u6027\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u751a\u81f3\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u7f13\u89e3\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e4b\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u66f4\u6539\u8fd9\u4e00\u9650\u5236\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect2\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"sect2\"><a href=\"/docs/14/collation.html#COLLATION-CONCEPTS\">24.2.1. \u6982\u5ff5</a></span></h3>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\uff08\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec<code class=\"type\">text</code>\u3001<code class=\"type\">varchar</code>\u548c<code class=\"type\">char</code>\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7c7b\u578b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u57df\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\uff09\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5217\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u5217\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5e38\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u5176\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u5e38\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5219\u6309\u4e0b\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u5176\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u9ed8\u8ba4</span>\u201d</span>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u987b\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u5728<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\uff08\u5982 <code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u6392\u5e8f\u952e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5219\u6309\u4e0b\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982<code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\uff09\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca<code class=\"function\">to_char</code> \u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u53c2\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u65f6\u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u5df2\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u5916\u56f4\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684<em class=\"firstterm\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f</em>\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u533a\u522b\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"literal\">COLLATE</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\u90fd\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u7ec4\u5408\u591a\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"orderedlist\">\n<ol class=\"orderedlist\">\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5177\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n</li>\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n</li>\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u4e92\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u7ec4\u5408\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u9664\u975e\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u629b\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u3002</p>\n</li>\n</ol>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE TABLE test1 (\n    a text COLLATE \"de_DE\",\n    b text COLLATE \"es_ES\",\n    ...\n);\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u90a3\u4e48\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; 'foo' FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f1a\u6309<code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f46\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; ('foo' COLLATE \"fr_FR\") FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f1a\u6309<code class=\"literal\">fr_FR</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u9690\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u5e94\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<code class=\"structfield\">a</code>\u5217\u548c<code class=\"structfield\">b</code>\u5217\u5177\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u7531\u4e8e <code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed9\u4efb\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9644\u52a0\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; b COLLATE \"de_DE\" FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6216\u8005\u7b49\u4ef7\u5730\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a COLLATE \"de_DE\" &lt; b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a || b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<code class=\"literal\">||</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a\u65e0\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u76f8\u540c\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || 'foo';\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u5c06\u6309<code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || b;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5373\u4f7f<code class=\"literal\">||</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u3002\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || b COLLATE \"fr_FR\";\n</pre>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect2\" id=\"COLLATION-MANAGING\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"sect2\"><a href=\"/docs/14/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING\">24.2.2. \u7ba1\u7406\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219</a></span></h3>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a SQL \u6a21\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u67d0\u4e2a SQL \u540d\u79f0\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a<em class=\"firstterm\">\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f</em>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7531\u54ea\u4e2a\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf C \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e5f\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f<code class=\"literal\">icu</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u90e8 ICU<a class=\"indexterm\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.2.4\" name=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.2.4\"></a>\u5e93\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6784\u5efa <span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u65f6\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e93\u8c03\u7528<code class=\"literal\">setlocale()</code>\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\u3002\uff08\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u63a7\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u7684 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u8ba9 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u628a\u4e8c\u8005\u5f52\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6bd4\u518d\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u7684\u673a\u5236\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\uff09\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8fd8\u4e0e\u67d0\u79cd\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7f16\u7801\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff08\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/14/multibyte.html\" title=\"24.3.\u00a0\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u652f\u6301\">\u7b2c\u00a024.3\u00a0\u8282</a>\uff09\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">icu</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e ICU \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5177\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u5668\u3002ICU \u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5c06<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">collate</span>\u201d</span>\u548c<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">ctype</span>\u201d</span>\u5206\u5f00\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e8c\u8005\u603b\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u540d\u79f0\u7684 ICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u59cb\u7ec8\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">24.2.2.1.\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6240\u6709\u5e73\u53f0\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u540d\u4e3a <code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">C</code> \u548c <code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002<code class=\"literal\">default</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9009\u62e9\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code> \u548c <code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u503c\u3002<code class=\"literal\">C</code> \u548c <code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u91c7\u7528<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u4f20\u7edf C</span>\u201d</span>\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ec5\u5c06 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">A</code></span>\u201d</span>\u5230<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">Z</code></span>\u201d</span>\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e25\u683c\u6309\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6b64\u5916\uff0cUTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 ucs_basic\u3002\u5b83\u4e0e C \u7b49\u4ef7\uff0c\u6309 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.6\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">24.2.2.2.\u00a0\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08<code class=\"function\">newlocale</code> \u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u7c07\u65f6\uff0c<code class=\"command\">initdb</code>\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u586b\u5145\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u5f55<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u67e5\u8be2<code class=\"literal\">SELECT * FROM pg_collation</code>\uff0c\u6216\u5728<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<code class=\"command\">\\dOS+</code>\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.6.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">24.2.2.2.1.\u00a0libc Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u540d\u4e3a de_DE.utf8 \u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002initdb \u4f1a\u4e3a UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u540c\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06 LC_COLLATE \u4e0e LC_CTYPE \u5747\u8bbe\u4e3a de_DE.utf8\uff1b\u8fd8\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53bb\u6389 .utf8 \u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u7b80\u77ed\u3001\u8f83\u5c11\u4f9d\u8d56\u7f16\u7801\u540d\u79f0\u7684 de_DE\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u96c6\u5408\u4ecd\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e73\u53f0\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<code class=\"literal\">locale -a</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u51fa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u67d0\u4e2a<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u5176<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code> \u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u53d6\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u53c8\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/14/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/14/functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-COLLATION\" title=\"\u8868\u00a09.94.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ba1\u7406\u51fd\u6570\"><code class=\"function\">pg_import_system_collations()</code></a> \u51fd\u6570\u6279\u91cf\u5bfc\u5165\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u624d\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u76ee\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u50cf <code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u8fd9\u6837\u53bb\u6389\u7f16\u7801\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5e76\u4e0d\u552f\u4e00\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u51b3\u5b9a\u6539\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6539\u52a8\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4f1a\u66f4\u5c11\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u53d7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u5373\u4f7f\u9762\u5bf9\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a COLLATE \"C\" &lt; b COLLATE \"POSIX\" FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5373\u4f7f<code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u6df7\u7528\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u7f00\u548c\u4fdd\u7559\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.6.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">24.2.2.2.2.\u00a0ICU Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e ICU\uff0c\u679a\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\u79f0\u5e76\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u3002ICU \u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed9\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u540d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdc\u591a\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<code class=\"command\">initdb</code>\u4f7f\u7528 ICU API \u63d0\u53d6\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u586b\u5145\u521d\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u7531 ICU \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5728 SQL \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u540d\u79f0\u91c7\u7528 BCP 47 \u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u7b7e\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u52a0<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u79c1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528</span>\u201d</span>\u6269\u5c55 <code class=\"literal\">-x-icu</code>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e0e libc \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">de-x-icu</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d8\u4f53</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">de-AT-x-icu</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5965\u5730\u5229\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d8\u4f53</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\uff08\u8fd8\u6709\u4f8b\u5982<code class=\"literal\">de-DE-x-icu</code>\u6216<code class=\"literal\">de-CH-x-icu</code>\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u64b0\u5199\u672c\u6587\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">de-x-icu</code>\u7b49\u4ef7\u3002\uff09</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">und-x-icu</code>\uff08\u8868\u793a<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49</span>\u201d</span>\uff09</span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>ICU<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u6839</span>\u201d</span>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u5b83\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u79cd\u8f83\u4e3a\u5408\u7406\u3001\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u67d0\u4e9b\uff08\u8f83\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff09\u7f16\u7801\u4e0d\u53d7 ICU \u652f\u6301\u3002\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u4e2d\u7684 ICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6761\u76ee\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u62a5\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">collation \"de-x-icu\" for encoding \"WIN874\" does not exist</span>\u201d</span>\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-CREATE\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">24.2.2.3.\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 SQL \u547d\u4ee4<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/14/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f <code class=\"literal\">pg_catalog</code>\u4e2d\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5e94\u5f53\u521b\u5efa\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab<code class=\"command\">pg_dump</code>\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.7.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">24.2.2.3.1.\u00a0libc Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u65b0\u7684 libc \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u521b\u5efa\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION german (provider = libc, locale = 'de_DE');\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d<code class=\"literal\">locale</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u786e\u5207\u503c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u7c7b Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4<code class=\"literal\">locale -a</code>\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531\u4e8e\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 libc \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f8b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u5de5\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5305\u62ec\u5e0c\u671b\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53e6\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/14/collation.html#COLLATION-COPY\" title=\"24.2.2.3.3.\u00a0\u590d\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\">\u7b2c\u00a024.2.2.3.3\u00a0\u8282</a>\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5347\u7ea7\u540e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53e6\u89c1<a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/14/functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-COLLATION\" title=\"\u8868\u00a09.94.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ba1\u7406\u51fd\u6570\"><code class=\"function\">pg_import_system_collations()</code></a>\uff09\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.7.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">24.2.2.3.2.\u00a0ICU Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u9664\u4e86 <code class=\"command\">initdb</code> \u9884\u88c5\u8f7d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ec4\u5408\u5916\uff0cICU \u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b9a\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u4f7f\u6392\u5e8f\u884c\u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5173\u4e8e ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/locale/\" target=\"_top\">https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/locale/</a>\u548c<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/collation/api.html\" target=\"_top\">https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/collation/api.html</a>\u3002\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u96c6\u5408\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684 ICU \u7248\u672c\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"de-u-co-phonebk-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'de-u-co-phonebk');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"de-u-co-phonebk-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'de@collation=phonebook');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7535\u8bdd\u7c3f\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528 BCP 47 \u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u7b7e\u201d\u9009\u62e9 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 ICU \u4e13\u7528\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u4eca\u540e\u63a8\u8350\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u8f83\u65e7\u7684 ICU \u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5b83\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 SQL \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\u4efb\u610f\u547d\u540d\u3002\u672c\u4f8b\u9075\u5faa\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u547d\u540d\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u8be5\u98ce\u683c\u4e5f\u9075\u5faa BCP 47\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5982\u6b64\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"und-u-co-emoji-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'und-u-co-emoji');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"und-u-co-emoji-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = '@collation=emoji');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6839\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8868\u60c5\u7b26\u53f7\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 #51</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u6839\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION latinlast (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kr-grek-latn');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION latinlast (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colReorder=grek-latn');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5c06\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION upperfirst (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kf-upper');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION upperfirst (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colCaseFirst=upper');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5c06\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u5728\u524d\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION special (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kf-upper-kr-grek-latn');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION special (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colCaseFirst=upper;colReorder=grek-latn');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION numeric (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kn-true');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION numeric (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colNumeric=yes');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6570\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6309\u6570\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code class=\"literal\">A-21</code> &lt; <code class=\"literal\">A-123</code>\uff08\u4e5f\u79f0\u81ea\u7136\u6392\u5e8f\uff09\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/tr35-collation.html\" target=\"_top\">Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 #35</a>\u548c<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47\" target=\"_top\">BCP 47</a>\u4e86\u89e3\u8be6\u60c5\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\u5217\u8868\uff08<code class=\"literal\">co</code>\u5b50\u6807\u7b7e\uff09\u53ef\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u627e\u5230\uff1a<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://github.com/unicode-org/cldr/blob/master/common/bcp47/collation.xml\" target=\"_top\">CLDR \u4ed3\u5e93</a>\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199</span>\u201d</span>\u6216<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u5ffd\u7565\u91cd\u97f3</span>\u201d</span>\u7b49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 <code class=\"literal\">ks</code> \u952e\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u771f\u6b63\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6216\u91cd\u97f3\uff0c\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u5728 <code class=\"command\">CREATE COLLATION</code> \u4e2d\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a\u975e<em class=\"firstterm\">\u786e\u5b9a\u6027</em>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/14/collation.html#COLLATION-NONDETERMINISTIC\" title=\"24.2.2.4.\u00a0\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\">\u7b2c\u00a024.2.2.4\u00a0\u8282</a>\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u6309\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u7b49\u3001\u4f46\u5b57\u8282\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4ecd\u4f1a\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"note\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">ICU \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5141\u8bb8\u63a5\u53d7\u51e0\u4e4e\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u5176\u6587\u6863\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u56de\u9000\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u5230\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5f53\u524d ICU \u5b89\u88c5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u76f4\u63a5\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5efa\u8bae\u521b\u5efa\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"COLLATION-COPY\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">24.2.2.3.3.\u00a0Copying Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u547d\u4ee4<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/14/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ee5\u66f4\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6765\u4f7f\u7528 ICU \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION german FROM \"de_DE\";\nCREATE COLLATION french FROM \"fr-x-icu\";\n</pre>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-NONDETERMINISTIC\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">24.2.2.4.\u00a0\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5206\u4e3a\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u4e24\u7c7b\u3002\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\u624d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u76f8\u7b49\uff1b\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u5b57\u8282\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5224\u4e3a\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u3001\u5ffd\u7565\u91cd\u97f3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u540c Unicode \u89c4\u8303\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5ffd\u7565\u89c4\u5219\u7531\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1bdeterministic \u6807\u5fd7\u4ec5\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u9010\u5b57\u8282\u6bd4\u8f83\u6765\u6253\u7834\u5e73\u5c40\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u672f\u8bed\u53e6\u89c1 Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 10\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u5728 CREATE COLLATION \u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a deterministic = false\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION ndcoll (provider = icu, locale = 'und', deterministic = false);\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4f1a\u4ee5\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u7279\u522b\u5730\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u5219\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u4e0a\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684 ICU \u5b9a\u5236\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION case_insensitive (provider = icu, locale = 'und-u-ks-level2', deterministic = false);\nCREATE COLLATION ignore_accents (provider = icu, locale = 'und-u-ks-level1-kc-true', deterministic = false);\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6240\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u3002\u867d\u7136\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u6b63\u786e</span>\u201d</span>\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u8003\u8651 Unicode \u7684\u5168\u90e8\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u5176\u4f17\u591a\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u5931\u3002\u7279\u522b\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cB-\u6811\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4f7f\u7528\u53bb\u91cd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u5bf9\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u624d\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u82e5\u8981\u5904\u7406\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c Unicode \u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 <code class=\"function\">normalize</code>\u51fd\u6570\u548c<code class=\"literal\">is normalized</code> \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6216\u68c0\u67e5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u8861\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>", "manual_path": "/docs/14/collation.html", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/14/collation.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "f0e1c1e8cfc86755bf98c3dd5179ecda66ba2555f5311aad8f0c722a60f6b4ab", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#COLLATION/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[1]/dl[0]/dt[0]", "#COLLATION/div[1]/dl[0]/dt[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[0]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[2]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[11]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[13]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[15]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[17]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[19]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[21]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[22]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[24]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[26]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[5]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[7]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[6]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dt[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[11]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[7]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[6]/h3[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[6]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/div[7]/h3[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/div[7]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/p[6]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/p[3]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/14/description/0": "standard C collation", "/versions/14/facts/0/label": "Collisdeterministic", "/versions/14/facts/1/label": "Collversion", "/versions/14/facts/2/label": "Collname", "/versions/14/facts/3/label": "Collprovider", "/versions/14/facts/4/label": "Collencoding", "/versions/14/facts/5/label": "Collcollate", "/versions/14/facts/6/label": "Collctype", "/versions/14/related/0/label": "libc provider"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "fd52922115062d750fcd62d565ee64960219ffdd251fc66313b73b8e3f1173de"}, "comparison_data": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "comparison_hash": "5c68f64ab32558fe7b1dcecb7f7d224b92940324a0e2e845d4aa80c070404935", "manual_language": "zh"}, "15": {"facts": [{"label": "\u662f\u5426\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\uff08collisdeterministic\uff09", "value": "t"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collcollate\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collctype\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08colliculocale\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u7248\u672c\uff08collversion\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff08collname\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff08collprovider\uff09", "value": "c"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\uff08collencoding\uff09", "value": "-1"}], "tables": [], "aliases": [], "catalog": {"oid": "950", "descr": "standard C collation", "collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collowner": "POSTGRES", "oid_symbol": "C_COLLATION_OID", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "colliculocale": "_null_", "collnamespace": "pg_catalog", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "related": [{"url": "/wiki/locale/provider-libc/?v=15", "label": "libc \u63d0\u4f9b\u8005"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v15.19/postgresql-15.19.tar.bz2", "label": "15.19", "major": "15", "channel": "stable", "revision": "e1a64a87a46b825b88c082e4518161a47aab53c45694964f8ba1df28f7859f89", "source_sha256": "e1a64a87a46b825b88c082e4518161a47aab53c45694964f8ba1df28f7859f89", "catalog_fingerprint": "fefe3c425147a86defada190c9b0663cfe02caa1724f5dede93e46457572252d"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v15.19/postgresql-15.19.tar.bz2", "label": "Matching PostgreSQL source archive", "sha256": "e1a64a87a46b825b88c082e4518161a47aab53c45694964f8ba1df28f7859f89"}, {"url": "https://pg.center/docs/15/collation.html", "path": "collation.html", "label": "PostgreSQL 15 English manual", "sha256": "2d7cca079f5312f856ab74f0df222a09122b8ff8d845eee2529bf0dde1ded2f1", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/15/collation.html"}], "sections": [], "signature": "", "attributes": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "colliculocale": "_null_", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "source_oid": "950", "description": ["\u6807\u51c6 C \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219"], "manual_html": "<div class=\"sect1\" id=\"COLLATION\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"title\" style=\"clear: both\">24.2.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u652f\u6301 </h2>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h2>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7279\u6027\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u751a\u81f3\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u7f13\u89e3\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e4b\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u66f4\u6539\u8fd9\u4e00\u9650\u5236\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect2\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"sect2\"><a href=\"/docs/15/collation.html#COLLATION-CONCEPTS\">24.2.1. \u6982\u5ff5</a></span></h3>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\uff08\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec<code class=\"type\">text</code>\u3001<code class=\"type\">varchar</code>\u548c<code class=\"type\">char</code>\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7c7b\u578b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684<a class=\"glossterm\" href=\"/docs/15/glossary.html#GLOSSARY-DOMAIN\"></a><a class=\"glossterm\" href=\"/docs/15/glossary.html#GLOSSARY-DOMAIN\" title=\"\u57df\">\u57df</a>\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\uff09\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5217\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u5217\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5e38\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u5176\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u5e38\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5219\u6309\u4e0b\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u5176\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u9ed8\u8ba4</span>\u201d</span>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u987b\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u5728<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\uff08\u5982 <code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u6392\u5e8f\u952e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5219\u6309\u4e0b\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ece\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982<code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\uff09\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca<code class=\"function\">to_char</code> \u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u53c2\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u65f6\u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u5df2\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u5916\u56f4\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684<em class=\"firstterm\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f</em>\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u533a\u522b\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code class=\"literal\">COLLATE</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\u90fd\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u7ec4\u5408\u591a\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"orderedlist\">\n<ol class=\"orderedlist\">\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5177\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n</li>\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002</p>\n</li>\n<li class=\"listitem\" lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u4e92\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u7ec4\u5408\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u9664\u975e\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u629b\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u3002</p>\n</li>\n</ol>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE TABLE test1 (\n    a text COLLATE \"de_DE\",\n    b text COLLATE \"es_ES\",\n    ...\n);\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u90a3\u4e48\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; 'foo' FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f1a\u6309<code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f46\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; ('foo' COLLATE \"fr_FR\") FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f1a\u6309<code class=\"literal\">fr_FR</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u9690\u5f0f\u6d3e\u751f\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u5e94\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<code class=\"structfield\">a</code>\u5217\u548c<code class=\"structfield\">b</code>\u5217\u5177\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u7531\u4e8e <code class=\"literal\">&lt;</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed9\u4efb\u4e00\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9644\u52a0\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a &lt; b COLLATE \"de_DE\" FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6216\u8005\u7b49\u4ef7\u5730\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a COLLATE \"de_DE\" &lt; b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a || b FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<code class=\"literal\">||</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a\u65e0\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u76f8\u540c\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u652f\u6301\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || 'foo';\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u5c06\u6309<code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || b;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5373\u4f7f<code class=\"literal\">||</code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">ORDER BY</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u3002\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u663e\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u7b26\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT * FROM test1 ORDER BY a || b COLLATE \"fr_FR\";\n</pre>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect2\" id=\"COLLATION-MANAGING\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"sect2\"><a href=\"/docs/15/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING\">24.2.2. \u7ba1\u7406\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219</a></span></h3>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a SQL \u6a21\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u67d0\u4e2a SQL \u540d\u79f0\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a<em class=\"firstterm\">\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f</em>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7531\u54ea\u4e2a\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf C \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e5f\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f<code class=\"literal\">icu</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u90e8 ICU<a class=\"indexterm\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.2.4\" name=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.2.4\"></a>\u5e93\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6784\u5efa <span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u65f6\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e93\u8c03\u7528<code class=\"literal\">setlocale()</code>\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\u3002\uff08\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u63a7\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u7684 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u8ba9 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u628a\u4e8c\u8005\u5f52\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6bd4\u518d\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u7684\u673a\u5236\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\uff09\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u8fd8\u4e0e\u67d0\u79cd\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7f16\u7801\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff08\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/15/multibyte.html\" title=\"24.3.\u00a0\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u652f\u6301\">\u7b2c\u00a024.3\u00a0\u8282</a>\uff09\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">icu</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e ICU \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5177\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u5668\u3002ICU \u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5c06<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">collate</span>\u201d</span>\u548c<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">ctype</span>\u201d</span>\u5206\u5f00\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e8c\u8005\u603b\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u540d\u79f0\u7684 ICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u59cb\u7ec8\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">24.2.2.1.\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6240\u6709\u5e73\u53f0\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u540d\u4e3a <code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">C</code> \u548c <code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002<code class=\"literal\">default</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9009\u62e9\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code> \u548c <code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u503c\u3002<code class=\"literal\">C</code> \u548c <code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u91c7\u7528<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u4f20\u7edf C</span>\u201d</span>\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ec5\u5c06 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">A</code></span>\u201d</span>\u5230<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">Z</code></span>\u201d</span>\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e25\u683c\u6309\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6b64\u5916\uff0cUTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 ucs_basic\u3002\u5b83\u4e0e C \u7b49\u4ef7\uff0c\u6309 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.6\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">24.2.2.2.\u00a0\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08<code class=\"function\">newlocale</code> \u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u7c07\u65f6\uff0c<code class=\"command\">initdb</code>\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u586b\u5145\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u5f55<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u67e5\u8be2<code class=\"literal\">SELECT * FROM pg_collation</code>\uff0c\u6216\u5728<span class=\"application\">psql</span>\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<code class=\"command\">\\dOS+</code>\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.6.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">24.2.2.2.1.\u00a0libc Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u540d\u4e3a de_DE.utf8 \u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002initdb \u4f1a\u4e3a UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u540c\u540d\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06 LC_COLLATE \u4e0e LC_CTYPE \u5747\u8bbe\u4e3a de_DE.utf8\uff1b\u8fd8\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53bb\u6389 .utf8 \u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u7b80\u77ed\u3001\u8f83\u5c11\u4f9d\u8d56\u7f16\u7801\u540d\u79f0\u7684 de_DE\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u96c6\u5408\u4ecd\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e73\u53f0\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<code class=\"literal\">locale -a</code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u51fa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u67d0\u4e2a<code class=\"literal\">libc</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u5176<code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code> \u548c<code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code>\u53d6\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u53c8\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/15/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/15/functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-COLLATION\" title=\"\u8868\u00a09.96.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ba1\u7406\u51fd\u6570\"><code class=\"function\">pg_import_system_collations()</code></a> \u51fd\u6570\u6279\u91cf\u5bfc\u5165\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u624d\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u76ee\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u50cf <code class=\"literal\">de_DE</code>\u8fd9\u6837\u53bb\u6389\u7f16\u7801\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5e76\u4e0d\u552f\u4e00\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u51b3\u5b9a\u6539\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6539\u52a8\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4f1a\u66f4\u5c11\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u53d7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u5373\u4f7f\u9762\u5bf9\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">SELECT a COLLATE \"C\" &lt; b COLLATE \"POSIX\" FROM test1;\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5373\u4f7f<code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u6df7\u7528\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u7f00\u548c\u4fdd\u7559\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.6.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">24.2.2.2.2.\u00a0ICU Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5bf9\u4e8e ICU\uff0c\u679a\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\u79f0\u5e76\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u3002ICU \u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed9\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u540d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdc\u591a\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<code class=\"command\">initdb</code>\u4f7f\u7528 ICU API \u63d0\u53d6\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u586b\u5145\u521d\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u7531 ICU \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5728 SQL \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u540d\u79f0\u91c7\u7528 BCP 47 \u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u7b7e\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u52a0<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u79c1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528</span>\u201d</span>\u6269\u5c55 <code class=\"literal\">-x-icu</code>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e0e libc \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">de-x-icu</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d8\u4f53</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">de-AT-x-icu</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5965\u5730\u5229\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d8\u4f53</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\uff08\u8fd8\u6709\u4f8b\u5982<code class=\"literal\">de-DE-x-icu</code>\u6216<code class=\"literal\">de-CH-x-icu</code>\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u64b0\u5199\u672c\u6587\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e<code class=\"literal\">de-x-icu</code>\u7b49\u4ef7\u3002\uff09</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">und-x-icu</code>\uff08\u8868\u793a<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49</span>\u201d</span>\uff09</span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>ICU<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u6839</span>\u201d</span>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u5b83\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u79cd\u8f83\u4e3a\u5408\u7406\u3001\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u67d0\u4e9b\uff08\u8f83\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff09\u7f16\u7801\u4e0d\u53d7 ICU \u652f\u6301\u3002\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c<code class=\"literal\">pg_collation</code>\u4e2d\u7684 ICU \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6761\u76ee\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u62a5\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">collation \"de-x-icu\" for encoding \"WIN874\" does not exist</span>\u201d</span>\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-CREATE\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">24.2.2.3.\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5982\u679c\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 SQL \u547d\u4ee4<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/15/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f <code class=\"literal\">pg_catalog</code>\u4e2d\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5e94\u5f53\u521b\u5efa\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab<code class=\"command\">pg_dump</code>\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.7.4\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">24.2.2.3.1.\u00a0libc Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u65b0\u7684 libc \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u521b\u5efa\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION german (provider = libc, locale = 'de_DE');\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d<code class=\"literal\">locale</code>\u5b50\u53e5\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u786e\u5207\u503c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u7c7b Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4<code class=\"literal\">locale -a</code>\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7531\u4e8e\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 libc \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f8b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u5de5\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5305\u62ec\u5e0c\u671b\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53e6\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/15/collation.html#COLLATION-COPY\" title=\"24.2.2.3.3.\u00a0\u590d\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\">\u7b2c\u00a024.2.2.3.3\u00a0\u8282</a>\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5347\u7ea7\u540e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53e6\u89c1<a class=\"link\" href=\"/docs/15/functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-COLLATION\" title=\"\u8868\u00a09.96.\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7ba1\u7406\u51fd\u6570\"><code class=\"function\">pg_import_system_collations()</code></a>\uff09\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"id-1.6.11.4.5.7.5\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">24.2.2.3.2.\u00a0ICU Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u9664\u4e86 <code class=\"command\">initdb</code> \u9884\u88c5\u8f7d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ec4\u5408\u5916\uff0cICU \u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b9a\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u4f7f\u6392\u5e8f\u884c\u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5173\u4e8e ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/locale/\" target=\"_top\">https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/locale/</a>\u548c<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/collation/api.html\" target=\"_top\">https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/collation/api.html</a>\u3002\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u96c6\u5408\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684 ICU \u7248\u672c\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"de-u-co-phonebk-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'de-u-co-phonebk');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"de-u-co-phonebk-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'de@collation=phonebook');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5fb7\u8bed\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7535\u8bdd\u7c3f\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528 BCP 47 \u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u7b7e\u201d\u9009\u62e9 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 ICU \u4e13\u7528\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u4eca\u540e\u63a8\u8350\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u8f83\u65e7\u7684 ICU \u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5b83\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 SQL \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\u4efb\u610f\u547d\u540d\u3002\u672c\u4f8b\u9075\u5faa\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u547d\u540d\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u8be5\u98ce\u683c\u4e5f\u9075\u5faa BCP 47\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5982\u6b64\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"und-u-co-emoji-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = 'und-u-co-emoji');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION \"und-u-co-emoji-x-icu\" (provider = icu, locale = '@collation=emoji');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6839\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8868\u60c5\u7b26\u53f7\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 #51</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u6839\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION latinlast (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kr-grek-latn');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION latinlast (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colReorder=grek-latn');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5c06\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u62c9\u4e01\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u5e0c\u814a\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION upperfirst (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kf-upper');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION upperfirst (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colCaseFirst=upper');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u5c06\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5728\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u5728\u524d\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION special (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kf-upper-kr-grek-latn');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION special (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colCaseFirst=upper;colReorder=grek-latn');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION numeric (provider = icu, locale = 'en-u-kn-true');</code><br/></span><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">CREATE COLLATION numeric (provider = icu, locale = 'en@colNumeric=yes');</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6570\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6309\u6570\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code class=\"literal\">A-21</code> &lt; <code class=\"literal\">A-123</code>\uff08\u4e5f\u79f0\u81ea\u7136\u6392\u5e8f\uff09\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/tr35-collation.html\" target=\"_top\">Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 #35</a>\u548c<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47\" target=\"_top\">BCP 47</a>\u4e86\u89e3\u8be6\u60c5\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\u5217\u8868\uff08<code class=\"literal\">co</code>\u5b50\u6807\u7b7e\uff09\u53ef\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u627e\u5230\uff1a<a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://github.com/unicode-org/cldr/blob/master/common/bcp47/collation.xml\" target=\"_top\">CLDR \u4ed3\u5e93</a>\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199</span>\u201d</span>\u6216<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u5ffd\u7565\u91cd\u97f3</span>\u201d</span>\u7b49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 <code class=\"literal\">ks</code> \u952e\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u771f\u6b63\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6216\u91cd\u97f3\uff0c\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u5728 <code class=\"command\">CREATE COLLATION</code> \u4e2d\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a\u975e<em class=\"firstterm\">\u786e\u5b9a\u6027</em>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/15/collation.html#COLLATION-NONDETERMINISTIC\" title=\"24.2.2.4.\u00a0\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\">\u7b2c\u00a024.2.2.4\u00a0\u8282</a>\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u6309\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u7b49\u3001\u4f46\u5b57\u8282\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4ecd\u4f1a\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"note\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">ICU \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5141\u8bb8\u63a5\u53d7\u51e0\u4e4e\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u5176\u6587\u6863\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u56de\u9000\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u5230\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5f53\u524d ICU \u5b89\u88c5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u76f4\u63a5\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5efa\u8bae\u521b\u5efa\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect4\" id=\"COLLATION-COPY\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"title\">24.2.2.3.3.\u00a0Copying Collations</h5>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u547d\u4ee4<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/15/sql-createcollation.html\" title=\"CREATE COLLATION\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">CREATE COLLATION</span></a>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ee5\u66f4\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6765\u4f7f\u7528 ICU \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION german FROM \"de_DE\";\nCREATE COLLATION french FROM \"fr-x-icu\";\n</pre>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-NONDETERMINISTIC\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">24.2.2.4.\u00a0\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u5206\u4e3a\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u4e24\u7c7b\u3002\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\u624d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u76f8\u7b49\uff1b\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u5b57\u8282\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5224\u4e3a\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u3001\u5ffd\u7565\u91cd\u97f3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u540c Unicode \u89c4\u8303\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5ffd\u7565\u89c4\u5219\u7531\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1bdeterministic \u6807\u5fd7\u4ec5\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u9010\u5b57\u8282\u6bd4\u8f83\u6765\u6253\u7834\u5e73\u5c40\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u672f\u8bed\u53e6\u89c1 Unicode \u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6 10\u3002</p>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u5728 CREATE COLLATION \u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a deterministic = false\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION ndcoll (provider = icu, locale = 'und', deterministic = false);\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4f1a\u4ee5\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u7279\u522b\u5730\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u5219\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u4e0a\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684 ICU \u5b9a\u5236\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a</p>\n<pre class=\"programlisting\">CREATE COLLATION case_insensitive (provider = icu, locale = 'und-u-ks-level2', deterministic = false);\nCREATE COLLATION ignore_accents (provider = icu, locale = 'und-u-ks-level1-kc-true', deterministic = false);\n</pre>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6240\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u3002\u867d\u7136\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u6b63\u786e</span>\u201d</span>\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u8003\u8651 Unicode \u7684\u5168\u90e8\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u5176\u4f17\u591a\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u5931\u3002\u7279\u522b\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cB-\u6811\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4f7f\u7528\u53bb\u91cd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u5bf9\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u624d\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"tip\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u63d0\u793a</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u82e5\u8981\u5904\u7406\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c Unicode \u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 <code class=\"function\">normalize</code>\u51fd\u6570\u548c<code class=\"literal\">is normalized</code> \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6216\u68c0\u67e5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u8861\u3002</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>", "manual_path": "/docs/15/collation.html", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/15/collation.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "97f8d0edc274c03b468c2cfe7cb067b36bf083c7519b1f3fab0e9e7a17f145c9", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#COLLATION/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[1]/dl[0]/dt[0]", "#COLLATION/div[1]/dl[0]/dt[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[0]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/div[6]/ol[0]/li[2]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[11]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[13]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[15]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[17]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[19]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[21]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[22]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[24]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[26]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[5]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[7]", "#COLLATION/div[4]/p[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[3]/p[6]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dt[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[5]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[3]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[11]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[1]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[3]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[7]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[3]/dl[0]/dd[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[6]/h3[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/div[6]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[4]/p[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[6]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/div[7]/h3[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/div[7]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/p[4]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[7]/p[6]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[2]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/p[3]", "#COLLATION/p[3]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/15/description/0": "standard C collation", "/versions/15/facts/0/label": "Collisdeterministic", "/versions/15/facts/1/label": "Collcollate", "/versions/15/facts/2/label": "Collctype", "/versions/15/facts/3/label": "Colliculocale", "/versions/15/facts/4/label": "Collversion", "/versions/15/facts/5/label": "Collname", "/versions/15/facts/6/label": "Collprovider", "/versions/15/facts/7/label": "Collencoding", "/versions/15/related/0/label": "libc provider"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "2e7a8842408139c0f00caab3cc82077554834377046c05663c2362fd05465d20"}, "comparison_data": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "comparison_hash": "5c68f64ab32558fe7b1dcecb7f7d224b92940324a0e2e845d4aa80c070404935", "manual_language": "zh"}, "16": {"facts": [{"label": "\u662f\u5426\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\uff08collisdeterministic\uff09", "value": "t"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collcollate\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collctype\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "ICU \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08colliculocale\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "ICU \u89c4\u5219\uff08collicurules\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u7248\u672c\uff08collversion\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff08collname\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff08collprovider\uff09", "value": "c"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\uff08collencoding\uff09", "value": "-1"}], "tables": [], "aliases": [], "catalog": {"oid": "950", "descr": "standard C collation", "collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collowner": "POSTGRES", "oid_symbol": "C_COLLATION_OID", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collicurules": "_null_", "collprovider": "c", "colliculocale": "_null_", "collnamespace": "pg_catalog", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "related": [{"url": "/wiki/locale/provider-libc/?v=16", "label": "libc \u63d0\u4f9b\u8005"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v16.15/postgresql-16.15.tar.bz2", "label": "16.15", "major": "16", "channel": "stable", "revision": "c1575341fa7bd40f5274ea465b34390f4dc64cdd0770af327005caaeb9f6b7ed", "source_sha256": "c1575341fa7bd40f5274ea465b34390f4dc64cdd0770af327005caaeb9f6b7ed", "catalog_fingerprint": "fa133458dc8f52e15083b4f59b7a582e2e378b608d3ac5c53054df458a374e23"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v16.15/postgresql-16.15.tar.bz2", "label": "Matching PostgreSQL source archive", "sha256": "c1575341fa7bd40f5274ea465b34390f4dc64cdd0770af327005caaeb9f6b7ed"}, {"url": "https://pg.center/docs/16/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD", "path": "collation.html", "label": "PostgreSQL 16 English manual", "sha256": "4831a1482a503fd30dfe193715a3bb76fc66a4b21bc18d36ea52bcd7855a1137", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/16/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD"}], "sections": [], "signature": "", "attributes": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collicurules": "_null_", "collprovider": "c", "colliculocale": "_null_", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "source_oid": "950", "description": ["\u6807\u51c6 C \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219"], "manual_html": "<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">24.2.2.1.\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6240\u6709\u5e73\u53f0\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u540d\u4e3a <code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">C</code> \u548c <code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002<code class=\"literal\">default</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9009\u62e9\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 <code class=\"symbol\">LC_COLLATE</code> \u548c <code class=\"symbol\">LC_CTYPE</code> \u503c\u3002<code class=\"literal\">C</code> \u548c <code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code> \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u91c7\u7528<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u4f20\u7edf C</span>\u201d</span>\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ec5\u5c06 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">A</code></span>\u201d</span>\u5230<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">Z</code></span>\u201d</span>\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e25\u683c\u6309\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002</p>\n<div class=\"note\">\n<h3 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\u6ce8\u610f</h3>\n<p lang=\"zh\"><code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u800c\u5f02\u3002</p>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">unicode</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9700\u8981 ICU \u652f\u6301\u3002\uff08\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e ICU \u6839\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/16/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-PREDEFINED-ICU-UND-X-ICU\"><code class=\"literal\">und-x-icu</code>\uff08\u8868\u793a<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49</span>\u201d</span>\uff09</a>\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">ucs_basic</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\uff1b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u4e0b\u7684 libc \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e C \u76f8\u540c\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n</div>", "manual_path": "/docs/16/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/16/collation.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "aeb35357d955597059abd8a41cc0f5e9df549be38338af0e61b98cd3bf9a844b", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/h3[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[4]/dl[0]/dd[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/p[3]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/16/description/0": "standard C collation", "/versions/16/facts/0/label": "Collisdeterministic", "/versions/16/facts/1/label": "Collcollate", "/versions/16/facts/2/label": "Collctype", "/versions/16/facts/3/label": "Colliculocale", "/versions/16/facts/4/label": "Collicurules", "/versions/16/facts/5/label": "Collversion", "/versions/16/facts/6/label": "Collname", "/versions/16/facts/7/label": "Collprovider", "/versions/16/facts/8/label": "Collencoding", "/versions/16/related/0/label": "libc provider"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "8cabcaf33941d414542859b631bbae2f4a02a2f193ee551e395b7f14cf79395e"}, "comparison_data": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "comparison_hash": "5c68f64ab32558fe7b1dcecb7f7d224b92940324a0e2e845d4aa80c070404935", "manual_language": "zh"}, "17": {"facts": [{"label": "\u662f\u5426\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\uff08collisdeterministic\uff09", "value": "t"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collcollate\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collctype\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08colllocale\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "ICU \u89c4\u5219\uff08collicurules\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u7248\u672c\uff08collversion\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff08collname\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff08collprovider\uff09", "value": "c"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\uff08collencoding\uff09", "value": "-1"}], "tables": [], "aliases": [], "catalog": {"oid": "950", "descr": "standard C collation", "collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collowner": "POSTGRES", "colllocale": "_null_", "oid_symbol": "C_COLLATION_OID", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collicurules": "_null_", "collprovider": "c", "collnamespace": "pg_catalog", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "related": [{"url": "/wiki/locale/provider-libc/?v=17", "label": "libc \u63d0\u4f9b\u8005"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v17.11/postgresql-17.11.tar.bz2", "label": "17.11", "major": "17", "channel": "stable", "revision": "dd27f2b3c59e73ed14aa3324901242bf69a032a6347805f274e6260322d42979", "source_sha256": "dd27f2b3c59e73ed14aa3324901242bf69a032a6347805f274e6260322d42979", "catalog_fingerprint": "4bbe3ac77becd618478f66aec420a533e9017be356c5c1d51a4b17f0fd497c07"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v17.11/postgresql-17.11.tar.bz2", "label": "Matching PostgreSQL source archive", "sha256": "dd27f2b3c59e73ed14aa3324901242bf69a032a6347805f274e6260322d42979"}, {"url": "https://pg.center/docs/17/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD", "path": "collation.html", "label": "PostgreSQL 17 English manual", "sha256": "67aac7b4c281b861af98f8f644ba2c3381358ffed48a74134fc269d0ae968029", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/17/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD"}], "sections": [], "signature": "", "attributes": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "colllocale": "_null_", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collicurules": "_null_", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "source_oid": "950", "description": ["\u6807\u51c6 C \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219"], "manual_html": "<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.1.\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">unicode</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9700\u8981 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5982\u679c <span class=\"productname\">Postgres</span>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684 ICU \u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\uff08\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e ICU \u6839\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/17/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-PREDEFINED-ICU-UND-X-ICU\"><code class=\"literal\">und-x-icu</code>\uff08\u8868\u793a<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49</span>\u201d</span>\uff09</a>\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">ucs_basic</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e00 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6309\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ec5\u5c06 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd A \u5230 Z \u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u5404\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\uff1b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u4e0b\u7684 libc \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e C \u76f8\u540c\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">pg_c_utf8</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u4ee3\u7801\u70b9\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e <code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u7b80\u5355\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode <a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/#Compatibility_Properties\" target=\"_top\">\u517c\u5bb9\u5c5e\u6027</a>\u7684 POSIX \u517c\u5bb9\u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u5728 <span class=\"productname\">Postgres</span>\u4e3b\u7248\u672c\u5185\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">UTF8</code>\u7f16\u7801\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">C</code>\uff08\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\uff09</span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p><code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u57fa\u4e8e<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u4f20\u7edf C</span>\u201d</span>\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u6709 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">A</code></span>\u201d</span>\u5230<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">Z</code></span>\u201d</span>\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u90fd\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\">\u9ed8\u8ba4</dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p><code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9644\u52a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7248\u672c\u4ee5\u53ca\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</div>", "manual_path": "/docs/17/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/17/collation.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "627c5dcdd88e58465c57ce7a241857c03ac446c489409a618cdf3ed05459d7b5", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#COLLATION/div[4]/p[2]/span[0]/span[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[7]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[9]", 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"5c68f64ab32558fe7b1dcecb7f7d224b92940324a0e2e845d4aa80c070404935", "manual_language": "zh"}, "18": {"facts": [{"label": "\u662f\u5426\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\uff08collisdeterministic\uff09", "value": "t"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collcollate\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collctype\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08colllocale\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "ICU \u89c4\u5219\uff08collicurules\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u7248\u672c\uff08collversion\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff08collname\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff08collprovider\uff09", "value": "c"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\uff08collencoding\uff09", "value": "-1"}], "tables": [], "aliases": [], "catalog": {"oid": "950", "descr": "standard C collation", "collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collowner": "POSTGRES", "colllocale": "_null_", "oid_symbol": "C_COLLATION_OID", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collicurules": "_null_", "collprovider": "c", "collnamespace": "pg_catalog", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "related": [{"url": "/wiki/locale/provider-libc/?v=18", "label": "libc \u63d0\u4f9b\u8005"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2", "label": "18.6", "major": "18", "channel": "stable", "revision": "555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f", "source_sha256": "555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f", "catalog_fingerprint": "65c93d6048ef30e61023a84f9680fa6a92b1c383b7eb226741170077eb078502"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2", "label": "Matching PostgreSQL source archive", "sha256": "555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f"}, {"url": "https://pg.center/docs/18/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD", "path": "collation.html", "label": "PostgreSQL 18 English manual", "sha256": "c98cbca2b2235a896f7fe438a88a99b8d6b9d1f50bdb49fe2794e9982a50797f", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/18/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD"}], "sections": [], "signature": "", "attributes": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "colllocale": "_null_", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collicurules": "_null_", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "source_oid": "950", "description": ["\u6807\u51c6 C \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219"], "manual_html": "<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.1.\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">unicode</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9700\u8981 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5982\u679c <span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684 ICU \u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\uff08\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e ICU \u6839\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/18/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-PREDEFINED-ICU-UND-X-ICU\"><code class=\"literal\">und-x-icu</code>\uff08\u8868\u793a<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49</span>\u201d</span>\uff09</a>\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">ucs_basic</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e00 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6309\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ec5\u5c06 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd A \u5230 Z \u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u5404\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\uff1b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u4e0b\u7684 libc \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e C \u76f8\u540c\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">pg_unicode_fast</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u4ee3\u7801\u70b9\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e <code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u5b8c\u6574\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode <a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/#Compatibility_Properties\" target=\"_top\">\u517c\u5bb9\u5c5e\u6027</a>\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u5728 <span class=\"productname\">Postgres</span>\u4e3b\u7248\u672c\u5185\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e <code class=\"literal\">UTF8</code>\u7f16\u7801\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">pg_c_utf8</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u4ee3\u7801\u70b9\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e <code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u7b80\u5355\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode <a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/#Compatibility_Properties\" target=\"_top\">\u517c\u5bb9\u5c5e\u6027</a>\u7684 POSIX \u517c\u5bb9\u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u5728 <span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u4e3b\u7248\u672c\u5185\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">UTF8</code>\u7f16\u7801\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">C</code>\uff08\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\uff09</span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p><code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u57fa\u4e8e<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u4f20\u7edf C</span>\u201d</span>\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u6709 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">A</code></span>\u201d</span>\u5230<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">Z</code></span>\u201d</span>\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u90fd\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\">\u9ed8\u8ba4</dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p><code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9644\u52a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7248\u672c\u4ee5\u53ca\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</div>", "manual_path": "/docs/18/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/18/collation.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "4fa99946c7c01ec3872b49a1fa92cadcd30d5a34d425829f836674d5c63b571a", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#COLLATION/div[4]/p[2]/span[0]/span[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[11]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[7]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dt[8]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/p[3]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/18/description/0": "standard C collation", "/versions/18/facts/0/label": "Collisdeterministic", "/versions/18/facts/1/label": "Collcollate", "/versions/18/facts/2/label": "Collctype", "/versions/18/facts/3/label": "Colllocale", "/versions/18/facts/4/label": "Collicurules", "/versions/18/facts/5/label": "Collversion", "/versions/18/facts/6/label": "Collname", "/versions/18/facts/7/label": "Collprovider", "/versions/18/facts/8/label": "Collencoding", "/versions/18/related/0/label": "libc provider"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "07fb08bfa8ef2aa91e6b10c665a23943652d0fe5b399b8781140aa25311acee4"}, "comparison_data": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "comparison_hash": "5c68f64ab32558fe7b1dcecb7f7d224b92940324a0e2e845d4aa80c070404935", "manual_language": "zh"}, "19": {"facts": [{"label": "\u662f\u5426\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\uff08collisdeterministic\uff09", "value": "t"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collcollate\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collctype\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08colllocale\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "ICU \u89c4\u5219\uff08collicurules\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u7248\u672c\uff08collversion\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff08collname\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff08collprovider\uff09", "value": "c"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\uff08collencoding\uff09", "value": "-1"}], "tables": [], "aliases": [], "catalog": {"oid": "950", "descr": "standard C collation", "collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collowner": "POSTGRES", "colllocale": "_null_", "oid_symbol": "C_COLLATION_OID", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collicurules": "_null_", "collprovider": "c", "collnamespace": "pg_catalog", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "related": [{"url": "/wiki/locale/provider-libc/?v=19", "label": "libc \u63d0\u4f9b\u8005"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v19beta4/postgresql-19beta4.tar.bz2", "label": "19beta4", "major": "19", "channel": "preview", "revision": "83157ee9c599d03b2f7a3d73ef3a56ec24e0e79cc2b3501a64d1364f56398c86", "source_sha256": "83157ee9c599d03b2f7a3d73ef3a56ec24e0e79cc2b3501a64d1364f56398c86", "catalog_fingerprint": "62fbf1a3689dbe8bf7e6b3372cfe6fbf867581427b3858a94c8419b77a4d2d1d"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v19beta4/postgresql-19beta4.tar.bz2", "label": "Matching PostgreSQL source archive", "sha256": "83157ee9c599d03b2f7a3d73ef3a56ec24e0e79cc2b3501a64d1364f56398c86"}, {"url": "https://pg.center/docs/19/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD", "path": "collation.html", "label": "PostgreSQL 19 English manual", "sha256": "2eef5fdde9bbc23617bb28de2a76a46c48b5a51662dc9212b1ceb56a85199a5e", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/19/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD"}], "sections": [], "signature": "", "attributes": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "colllocale": "_null_", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collicurules": "_null_", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "source_oid": "950", "description": ["\u6807\u51c6 C \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219"], "manual_html": "<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.1.\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">unicode</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9700\u8981 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5982\u679c <span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684 ICU \u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\uff08\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e ICU \u6839\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/19/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-PREDEFINED-ICU-UND-X-ICU\"><code class=\"literal\">und-x-icu</code>\uff08\u8868\u793a<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49</span>\u201d</span>\uff09</a>\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">ucs_basic</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e00 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6309\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ec5\u5c06 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd A \u5230 Z \u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u5404\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\uff1b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u4e0b\u7684 libc \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e C \u76f8\u540c\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">pg_unicode_fast</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u4ee3\u7801\u70b9\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e <code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u5b8c\u6574\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode <a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/#Compatibility_Properties\" target=\"_top\">\u517c\u5bb9\u5c5e\u6027</a>\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u5728 <span class=\"productname\">Postgres</span>\u4e3b\u7248\u672c\u5185\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e <code class=\"literal\">UTF8</code>\u7f16\u7801\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">pg_c_utf8</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u4ee3\u7801\u70b9\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e <code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u7b80\u5355\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode <a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/#Compatibility_Properties\" target=\"_top\">\u517c\u5bb9\u5c5e\u6027</a>\u7684 POSIX \u517c\u5bb9\u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u5728 <span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u4e3b\u7248\u672c\u5185\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">UTF8</code>\u7f16\u7801\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">C</code>\uff08\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\uff09</span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p><code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u57fa\u4e8e<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u4f20\u7edf C</span>\u201d</span>\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u6709 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">A</code></span>\u201d</span>\u5230<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">Z</code></span>\u201d</span>\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u90fd\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\">\u9ed8\u8ba4</dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p><code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9644\u52a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7248\u672c\u4ee5\u53ca\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</div>", "manual_path": "/docs/19/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/19/collation.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "5f52d911c49ada8ebaf89c3bb635ee3e1065f3d39e9942830b32a92560bfba57", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#COLLATION/div[4]/p[2]/span[0]/span[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[11]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[7]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dt[8]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/p[3]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/19/description/0": "standard C collation", "/versions/19/facts/0/label": "Collisdeterministic", "/versions/19/facts/1/label": "Collcollate", "/versions/19/facts/2/label": "Collctype", "/versions/19/facts/3/label": "Colllocale", "/versions/19/facts/4/label": "Collicurules", "/versions/19/facts/5/label": "Collversion", "/versions/19/facts/6/label": "Collname", "/versions/19/facts/7/label": "Collprovider", "/versions/19/facts/8/label": "Collencoding", "/versions/19/related/0/label": "libc provider"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "7c0d7135d2a5e06c46d70c15b714ca96a869c13fcc87ac3e4002e7fecd4ef458"}, "comparison_data": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "comparison_hash": "5c68f64ab32558fe7b1dcecb7f7d224b92940324a0e2e845d4aa80c070404935", "manual_language": "zh"}, "20": {"facts": [{"label": "\u662f\u5426\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\uff08collisdeterministic\uff09", "value": "t"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collcollate\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collctype\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08colllocale\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "ICU \u89c4\u5219\uff08collicurules\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u7248\u672c\uff08collversion\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff08collname\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff08collprovider\uff09", "value": "c"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\uff08collencoding\uff09", "value": "-1"}], "tables": [], "aliases": [], "catalog": {"oid": "950", "descr": "standard C collation", "collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collowner": "POSTGRES", "colllocale": "_null_", "oid_symbol": "C_COLLATION_OID", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collicurules": "_null_", "collprovider": "c", "collnamespace": "pg_catalog", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "related": [{"url": "/wiki/locale/provider-libc/?v=20", "label": "libc \u63d0\u4f9b\u8005"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/snapshot/dev/postgresql-snapshot.tar.bz2", "label": "20devel", "major": "20", "channel": "devel", "revision": "4d3346909b201ac1648232cf290462a7070c119326f56196f1f0253ed80fae41", "source_sha256": "4d3346909b201ac1648232cf290462a7070c119326f56196f1f0253ed80fae41", "catalog_fingerprint": "398fbb9f262264053c02fbf79f88be0a6770c1473faa6ecd5931d6ec41b8258b", "source_snapshot_utc": "26-Sep-2026 20:22"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/snapshot/dev/postgresql-snapshot.tar.bz2", "label": "Matching PostgreSQL source archive", "sha256": "4d3346909b201ac1648232cf290462a7070c119326f56196f1f0253ed80fae41"}, {"url": "https://pg.center/docs/devel/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD", "path": "collation.html", "label": "PostgreSQL 20 English manual", "sha256": "3a5f2e6c1df8548d2a7d1f654dfc8fe598c1ce90f62169c3a2d11d8c736f940e", "language": "en", "original_url": "/docs/devel/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD"}], "sections": [], "signature": "", "attributes": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "colllocale": "_null_", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collicurules": "_null_", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "source_oid": "950", "description": ["\u6807\u51c6 C \u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219"], "manual_html": "<div class=\"sect3\" id=\"COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\" lang=\"zh\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4 class=\"title\">23.2.2.1.\u00a0\u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 </h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">unicode</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9700\u8981 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5982\u679c <span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684 ICU \u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\uff08\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e ICU \u6839\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/devel/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-PREDEFINED-ICU-UND-X-ICU\"><code class=\"literal\">und-x-icu</code>\uff08\u8868\u793a<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49</span>\u201d</span>\uff09</a>\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">ucs_basic</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e00 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6309\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ec5\u5c06 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd A \u5230 Z \u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u5404\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\uff1b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u4e0b\u7684 libc \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e C \u76f8\u540c\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">pg_unicode_fast</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u4ee3\u7801\u70b9\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e <code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u5b8c\u6574\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode <a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/#Compatibility_Properties\" target=\"_top\">\u517c\u5bb9\u5c5e\u6027</a>\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u5728 <span class=\"productname\">Postgres</span>\u4e3b\u7248\u672c\u5185\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e <code class=\"literal\">UTF8</code>\u7f16\u7801\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">pg_c_utf8</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u4ee3\u7801\u70b9\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e <code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u7b80\u5355\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode <a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/#Compatibility_Properties\" target=\"_top\">\u517c\u5bb9\u5c5e\u6027</a>\u7684 POSIX \u517c\u5bb9\u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u5728 <span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u4e3b\u7248\u672c\u5185\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">UTF8</code>\u7f16\u7801\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">C</code>\uff08\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\uff09</span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p><code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u57fa\u4e8e<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u4f20\u7edf C</span>\u201d</span>\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u6709 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">A</code></span>\u201d</span>\u5230<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">Z</code></span>\u201d</span>\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u90fd\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\">\u9ed8\u8ba4</dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p><code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9644\u52a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7248\u672c\u4ee5\u53ca\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</div>", "manual_path": "/docs/devel/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/devel/collation.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "55649394e879869166c4d26a543faff79a871cab35978fb0ff4635557151714a", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#COLLATION/div[4]/p[2]/span[0]/span[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[11]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[7]", 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"C", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "comparison_hash": "5c68f64ab32558fe7b1dcecb7f7d224b92940324a0e2e845d4aa80c070404935", "manual_language": "zh"}}}, "snapshot": {"facts": [{"label": "\u662f\u5426\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\uff08collisdeterministic\uff09", "value": "t"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collcollate\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08collctype\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08colllocale\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "ICU \u89c4\u5219\uff08collicurules\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u7248\u672c\uff08collversion\uff09", "value": "_null_"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u540d\u79f0\uff08collname\uff09", "value": "C"}, {"label": "\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff08collprovider\uff09", "value": "c"}, {"label": "\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\uff08collencoding\uff09", "value": "-1"}], "tables": [], "aliases": [], "catalog": {"oid": "950", "descr": "standard C collation", "collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collowner": "POSTGRES", "colllocale": "_null_", "oid_symbol": "C_COLLATION_OID", "collcollate": "C", "collversion": "_null_", "collencoding": "-1", "collicurules": "_null_", "collprovider": "c", "collnamespace": "pg_catalog", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "related": [{"url": "/wiki/locale/provider-libc/?v=18", "label": "libc \u63d0\u4f9b\u8005"}], "release": {"ref": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2", "label": "18.6", "major": "18", "channel": "stable", "revision": "555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f", "source_sha256": "555610c24d53e4316da5b7d3fc25c279d96856d5e0e23ee308c328c5fa881d9f", "catalog_fingerprint": "65c93d6048ef30e61023a84f9680fa6a92b1c383b7eb226741170077eb078502"}, "sources": [{"url": "https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v18.6/postgresql-18.6.tar.bz2", "label": "Matching 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</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</h4>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a</p>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">unicode</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4 Unicode \u6392\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u9700\u8981 ICU \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5982\u679c <span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684 ICU \u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\uff08\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e ICU \u6839\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b\u53c2\u89c1<a class=\"xref\" href=\"/docs/18/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-PREDEFINED-ICU-UND-X-ICU\"><code class=\"literal\">und-x-icu</code>\uff08\u8868\u793a<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49</span>\u201d</span>\uff09</a>\u3002\uff09</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">ucs_basic</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u8fd9\u4e00 SQL \u6807\u51c6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u7801\u70b9\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6309\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ec5\u5c06 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd A \u5230 Z \u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u5404\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\uff1b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e UTF8 \u7f16\u7801\u4e0b\u7684 libc \u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e C \u76f8\u540c\u3002</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">pg_unicode_fast</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u4ee3\u7801\u70b9\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e <code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u5b8c\u6574\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode <a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/#Compatibility_Properties\" target=\"_top\">\u517c\u5bb9\u5c5e\u6027</a>\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u5728 <span class=\"productname\">Postgres</span>\u4e3b\u7248\u672c\u5185\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e <code class=\"literal\">UTF8</code>\u7f16\u7801\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">pg_c_utf8</code></span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p>\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u6309 Unicode \u4ee3\u7801\u70b9\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e <code class=\"function\">lower</code>\u3001<code class=\"function\">initcap</code>\u548c <code class=\"function\">upper</code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u7b80\u5355\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode <a class=\"ulink\" href=\"https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/#Compatibility_Properties\" target=\"_top\">\u517c\u5bb9\u5c5e\u6027</a>\u7684 POSIX \u517c\u5bb9\u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u5728 <span class=\"productname\">PostgreSQL</span>\u4e3b\u7248\u672c\u5185\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u6b64\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">UTF8</code>\u7f16\u7801\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\"><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"literal\">C</code>\uff08\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\uff09</span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p><code class=\"literal\">C</code>\u548c<code class=\"literal\">POSIX</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u57fa\u4e8e<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\">\u4f20\u7edf C</span>\u201d</span>\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u6709 ASCII \u5b57\u6bcd<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">A</code></span>\u201d</span>\u5230<span class=\"quote\">\u201c<span class=\"quote\"><code class=\"literal\">Z</code></span>\u201d</span>\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u90fd\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n<dt lang=\"zh\">\u9ed8\u8ba4</dt>\n<dd>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\n<p><code class=\"literal\">default</code>\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</div>\n<p lang=\"zh\">\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9644\u52a0\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7248\u672c\u4ee5\u53ca\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>\n</div>", "manual_path": "/docs/18/collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING-STANDARD", "localization": {"status": "complete", "sources": [{"url": "/docs/18/collation.html", "method": "same-major semantic node", "sha256": "4fa99946c7c01ec3872b49a1fa92cadcd30d5a34d425829f836674d5c63b571a", "language": "zh", "matched_nodes": ["#COLLATION/div[4]/p[2]/span[0]/span[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[0]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[11]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[5]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[7]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dd[9]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/div[2]/dl[0]/dt[8]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/p[1]", "#COLLATION/div[5]/div[4]/p[3]"]}], "language": "zh", "original_text": {"/versions/18/description/0": "standard C collation", "/versions/18/facts/0/label": "Collisdeterministic", "/versions/18/facts/1/label": "Collcollate", "/versions/18/facts/2/label": "Collctype", "/versions/18/facts/3/label": "Colllocale", "/versions/18/facts/4/label": "Collicurules", "/versions/18/facts/5/label": "Collversion", "/versions/18/facts/6/label": "Collname", "/versions/18/facts/7/label": "Collprovider", "/versions/18/facts/8/label": "Collencoding", "/versions/18/related/0/label": "libc provider"}, "fallback_fields": [], "source_language": "en", "original_snapshot_sha256": "07fb08bfa8ef2aa91e6b10c665a23943652d0fe5b399b8781140aa25311acee4"}, "comparison_data": {"collname": "C", "collctype": "C", "collcollate": "C", "collencoding": "-1", "collprovider": "c", "collisdeterministic": "t"}, "comparison_hash": "5c68f64ab32558fe7b1dcecb7f7d224b92940324a0e2e845d4aa80c070404935", "manual_language": "zh"}, "comparison": {"left": "17", "right": "18", "status": "unchanged", "diff": ""}}