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百科 / 错误代码 / Class 25 事务状态无效

25006 read_only_sql_transaction

只读 SQL 事务

ERROR 已实测 详解 实测通过

类别
Class 25 事务状态无效
严重等级
ERROR
条件名
read_only_sql_transaction
宏名称
ERRCODE_READ_ONLY_SQL_TRANSACTION
启用版本
7.4
状态
活跃

版本覆盖

  1. 18
  2. 17
  3. 16
  4. 15
  5. 14
  1. 13
  2. 12
  3. 11
  4. 10
  1. 19 beta
  2. 20 dev

速览

25006 表示命令试图在只读事务中写入。选定案例在 SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY 后执行 CREATE TABLE，观察到 INERROR，回滚后离开只读事务再建表。

含义

该码覆盖多个保护点。PreventCommandIfReadOnly 把命令名填入 cannot execute %s in a read-only transaction；固定源码还包含恢复期间临时表和复制原点的专用报文。选定案例覆盖普通显式只读事务路径，而备用机或恢复路径可能使用不同的命令相关报文。

诊断

记录精确命令、SQLSTATE、严重级别和事务状态。重试前检查有效的 SHOW transaction_read_only，并在需要判断服务器边界时检查 pg_is_in_recovery()；同时确认连接池是否把连接路由到了备用机。选定运行中 CREATE TABLE 返回 25006，使显式事务块进入 INERROR；复用会话前必须 ROLLBACK。离开只读事务后再次 CREATE TABLE 成功。

处理

先判断操作是否应放在只读事务中。若必须写入，应在主库的可写事务中执行或移出只读块；失败块先回滚，再把连接归还连接池。备用机或恢复期间的 25006 需要把操作路由到主库；在同一只读目标上重试写入不会改变访问模式。

可复现案例

在一次性实例上执行过的场景。其中 1 个附有可执行 SQL，正文相应小节里给出。

read_only_transaction PG 10 / 18 有 SQL

前置条件

  • A runner-owned disposable target is provisioned.

触发

Run CREATE TABLE after SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY.

断言

  • SQLSTATE is 25006
  • The CREATE TABLE read-only diagnostic is exact
  • The failed transaction is INERROR, ROLLBACK restores IDLE
  • The table can be created after leaving read-only mode

处置

Follow the explicit transaction or source boundary described by the case.

清理

Drop the case schema with an owner connection.

源码报文

核心 utility 路径的源码模板是 cannot execute %s in a read-only transaction；在恢复目标上，同一 utility 保护会使用 cannot execute %s during recovery，恢复期间临时表和复制原点也有各自的固定文本。%s 是实际命令名，不能脱离路径当作一条静态报文。

报文模板

源码里的格式串，不是某一次运行的输出。%s 之类是占位符，实际报文会填入对象名与取值。适用范围一栏是核验时留下的原始英文记录，未经翻译。

主消息 cannot execute %s in a read-only transaction

来源：src/backend/tcop/utility.c @ REL_18_6

适用范围：The %s substitution is the command name.

主消息 cannot execute %s during recovery

来源：src/backend/tcop/utility.c @ REL_18_6

适用范围：Recovery-only utility path; %s is the command name and this was not the selected ordinary read-only case.

主消息 cannot create temporary tables during recovery

来源：src/backend/catalog/namespace.c @ REL_18_6

适用范围：A recovery-only path; not the selected case.

主消息 cannot manipulate replication origins during recovery

来源：src/backend/replication/logical/origin.c @ REL_18_6

适用范围：A recovery-only path; not the selected case.

实测诊断

18.6 (Homebrew) / latest：SQLSTATE 25006；主报文 cannot execute CREATE TABLE in a read-only transaction；状态 INERROR → IDLE；修复后关系行数 0；最终状态 IDLE。 10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1) / pg10：SQLSTATE 25006；主报文 cannot execute CREATE TABLE in a read-only transaction；状态 INERROR → IDLE；修复后关系行数 0；最终状态 IDLE。

代表案例

运行器从共享语句清单（registry）读取下列 setup、只读事务、回滚和事务块外修复语句；完整断言、环境和清理见 案例导出。

-- create
CREATE TABLE items(id integer PRIMARY KEY, note text NOT NULL);
-- begin
BEGIN;
-- read_only
SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY;
-- trigger
CREATE TABLE blocked(id integer PRIMARY KEY);
-- rollback
ROLLBACK;
-- repair
CREATE TABLE blocked(id integer PRIMARY KEY);
-- verify
SELECT count(*) FROM blocked;

上述片段的 SQLSTATE、诊断、状态和修复断言来自共享语句清单（registry）（SHA-256 62db30e401b1f72fa50958d0ac612b2b1eb636299532dd1ad246c167e4f9fadf）；结构化证据。

作者证据 ID：identity, utility-path, other-paths, runtime。选定运行记录：runtime.25006-batch2-latest-20260909.latest, runtime.25006-batch2-pg10-20260909.pg10。

版本与边界

选定的 CREATE TABLE 案例在 PostgreSQL 18.6 与 10.21 通过，主报文相同，并完成 INERROR → IDLE 恢复和修复后建表。其他 25006 源码路径不在本运行案例范围内。

来源

证据

断言

每条断言都写明了是怎么核实的，以及它不覆盖什么。这一层是核验时留下的原始英文记录，照原样呈现，未经翻译。

  • 25006 is read_only_sql_transaction in Class 25.

    核实方式Read the fixed condition row and macro.

    不覆盖The same code covers more than one read-only/recovery guard.

    来源src/backend/utils/errcodes.txt

  • PreventCommandIfReadOnly formats the SQL command name into “cannot execute %s in a read-only transaction”; CREATE TABLE is one ordinary utility path.

    核实方式Trace PreventCommandIfReadOnly and the documented read-only command restrictions.

    不覆盖The %s substitution is command-specific; recovery and parallel-operation paths have their own conditions/messages.

    来源src/backend/tcop/utility.c · raw/calls/REL_18_6.jsonl · doc/src/sgml/ref/set_transaction.sgml

  • The fixed source also uses 25006 for temporary-table creation during recovery and replication-origin manipulation during recovery.

    核实方式Read the additional fixed source report groups.

    不覆盖Those recovery paths were not constructed by the selected ordinary read-only transaction case.

    来源src/backend/catalog/namespace.c · src/backend/replication/logical/origin.c

  • The selected read-only CREATE TABLE case returned 25006 on PostgreSQL 18.6 and 10.21, entered INERROR, recovered after ROLLBACK, and created the relation outside the read-only transaction.

    核实方式Read the selected summaries and structured diagnostics.

    不覆盖The case covers the ordinary explicit read-only utility path, not recovery-only temporary-table or replication-origin paths.

  • The same fixed utility source uses 25006 during recovery with the command-specific message "cannot execute %s during recovery"; this is separate from the selected ordinary read-only transaction path.

    核实方式Read the recovery guard and resolved report group in utility.c.

    不覆盖The %s substitution is command-specific; the selected runtime did not run on a standby or recovery target.

    来源src/backend/tcop/utility.c · raw/calls/REL_18_6.jsonl

运行记录

目标服务器版本结果覆盖案例
latest 18.6 (Homebrew) passed read_only_transaction
pg10 10.21 (Debian 10.21-1.pgdg90+1) passed read_only_transaction

同类错误代码

Class 25 事务状态无效 下的其他成员。